REPRODUKSI DAN PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LENCAM (Lethrinus atkinsoni Seale, 1910) DI PERAIRAN WAKATOBI, SULAWESI TENGGARA
Abstract
Ikan lencam (Lethrinus atkinsoni) merupakan bagian dari grup ikan demersal yang berasosiasi dengan ikan karang. Ikan lencam termasuk famili Lethrinidae yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Ikan lencam tertangkap oleh bubu, jaring muroami, pancing ulur, dan panah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji biologi reproduksi dan parameter populasi meliputi musim pemijahan, rata-rata ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) dan pertama kali matang gonad (Lm), pertumbuhan, laju kematian, dan tingkat pemanfaatan ikan lencam. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan pada April-Desember 2018 di Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa musim pemijahan ikan lencam terjadi pada September - Desember. Rasio kelamin ikan jantan dan betina adalah tidak seimbang (0,55:1,0). Hubungan panjang-berat ikan lencam adalah isometrik. Nilai pendugaan rata-rata ukuran ikan lencam pertama kali tertangkap (Lc=24,16 cm) lebih kecil dibandingkan nilai rata-rata ukuran ikan pertama kali matang gonad baik jantan maupun betina (Lm jantan=30,7 cm dan Lm betina=27,18 cm). Panjang asimptotik ikan lencam (L∞) adalah 38,2 cm dan kecepatan pertumbuhan (K) adalah 0,20/tahun. Laju kematian alami ikan lencam lebih besar dibandingkan laju kematian karena aktivitas penangkapan (M>F). Tingkat pemanfaatannya dalam kondisi optimal. Implikasi dalam pengelolaan ikan lencam di Wakatobi adalah menentukan ukuran minimal ikan yang boleh ditangkap dan mengurangi penangkapan ikan pada saat musim pemijahan.
The pacific yellowtail emperor (Lethrinus Atkinson) is part of a group of demersal fish associated with reef fish. L. Atkinson belongs to the family Lethrinidae which has high economic value. L. Atkinson in Wakatobi waters is caught by traps, Muro Ami nets, hand lines, and spear guns. This study aims to study reproductive biology and population parameters, including the average value of the length at first capture (Lc) and the average height at first mature (Lm), growth, mortality rate and utilization rate of L. Atkinson. The research activity was carried out in April-December 2018 in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi. The results showed that the spawning season for L. Atkinson occurred in September-December. The sex ratio between male and female fish was unbalanced (0.55:1.0). The length-weight relationship of L. Atkinson is isometric. The average value of the length at first capture (Lc=24.16 cm) was smaller than the average value of the measurement at first mature, both male and female (male Lm=30.7 cm and female Lm=27, 18 cm). The asymptotic length of L. Atkinson (L∞) was 38.2 cm, and the growth rate (K) was 0.20/year. The natural mortality rate of L. Atkinson is greater than the fishing mortality rate (M>F). The level of utilization of L. Atkinson in Wakatobi in optimal conditions. The implication of the management of L. Atkinson is to determine the minimum legal size and reduce fishing during the spawning season.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.13.3.2021.%25p
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