KEBIASAAN MAKAN IKAN SIDAT, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, DARI SUNGAI CIKASO DAN RAWA PESISIR CIROYOM, JAWA BARAT
Abstract
Sungai Cikaso dan Rawa Pesisir Ciroyom, merupakan dua habitat yang dihuni oleh ikan sidat tropis Anguilla bicolor bicolor di Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Spesies ini merupakan ikan asli Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Sebagai komoditas ekspor, ikan ini ditangkap pada stadium post larva (glass eel) kemudian dibudidayakan di penangkaran. Informasi kebiasaan makan Anguilla bicolor bicolor dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan dalam perencanaan pengelolaan sidat di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis makanan dan kebiasaan makan Anguilla bicolor bicolor di Sungai Cikaso dan rawa pesisir Ciroyom, Jawa Barat. Kebiasaan makan 54 sidat tropis Anguilla bicolor bicolor dari aliran utama Sungai Cikaso dan saluran parit rawa pesisir Ciroyom, Jawa Barat, diamati antara bulan Juni dan Desember 2020. Pengambilan sidat menggunakan perangkap dan pancing. Setiap sampel ikan sidat diukur panjangnya. Ikan dibedah dan isi perutnya diawetkan dengan formalin 5%. Sampel dikelompokkan berdasarkan kelas panjang yaitu 20 - 25 cm, 25 - 30 cm, 30 - 35 cm, dan 35 - 40 cm. Index bagian terbesar (Index of preponderance) digunakan untuk mengetahui jenis makanan dan kebiasaan makan Anguilla bicolor bicolor. Dominasi kepiting sebagai makanan ikan sidat menunjukkan bahwa sidat sebagai ikan karnivora. Data yang dikumpulkan dari pengamatan laboratorium menunjukkan beberapa jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi ikan sidat, yaitu; kepiting, udang, serangga, ikan, Annelida, bagian tumbuhan, dan fitoplankton. Makanan utama ikan ini saat berukuran kecil adalah serangga, dan memakan kepiting saat mereka berukuran lebih besar.
Cikaso River and Ciroyom Coastal Marsh were two habitats that inhabited by tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor in Sukabumi Regency, West Java. This species was Indonesia's native fish that had a high economic value. As export commodity, this fish caught in the post larvae stage (glass eel) then grow in captivity. The food habit information of Anguilla bicolor bicolor can be used for management planning of eel in the wild. This study aimed to determine the food and feeding habit of Anguilla bicolor bicolor in Cikaso River and Coastal Swamp of Ciroyom, West Java. The food habits of 54 tropical eels, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, from mainstream of Cikaso River and ditch channels of Ciroyom Coastal Marsh, West Java, were examined between June and December 2020. Eels were collected using traps and hook and line. The length of each fish was measured. The fishes were dissected and the stomach of eels was preserved by formalin 5%. The samples were grouped as 20-25 cm, 25 to 30 cm, 30 to 35 cm, and 35 to 40 cm. Index of preponderance was used to determine the feeding habits of Anguilla bicolor bicolor. The domination of crab as a diet of eel indicates that eel as carnivorous fish. Data collected from laboratory observation showed some foods consumed by eels; crab, shrimp, insect, fish, Annelida, vegetation, and phytoplankton. This fish feed mainly on insects when small and feed mainly on crabs as they grow.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.13.2.2021.77-84
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