KERAGAMAN, KEPADATAN STOK DAN HABITAT IKAN PARI DI LAUT ARAFURA
Abstract
Nilai ekonomis ikan pari serta pemanfaatannya yang beragam menyebabkan penangkapannya semakin meningkat and rentan terhadap kepunahan. Penelitian bertujuan memperbaharui informasi mengenai keragaman, kepadatan, biomassa, kepadatan stok dan karateristik habitat ikan pari di Laut Arafura. Penelitian dilakukan tahun 2018 secara eksploratif Systematic Cluster Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 6 familia, 24 jenis, di antaranya endemik yaitu Neotrygon annotata, N. leylandi, Maculabatis toshi, Hemitrygon longicauda, Pateobatis hortlei. Ikan pari dominan secara individu adalah N, annotata dan berat didominasi oleh Pastinachus sephen. Sebaran spasial, keragaman dan kepadatan tertinggi ditemukan di Area Barat Papua dan biomassa tertinggi di Timur Aru. Sebaran vertikal; keragaman, kepadatan dan biomassa tertinggi pada kedalaman 10-20 m. Kepadatan stok ikan pari di Laut Arafura 61.382,8 ton dan berkontribusi 21,37 % terhadap stok ikan demersal. Jenis ikan pari yang memiliki terdistribusi luas di Laut Arafura adalah Maculabatis toshi. Kondisi hidrologi habitat ikan pari bervariasi diantara jenis. Habitat terdalam dimiliki oleh Rhinobatus sp. dan terdangkal oleh Pastinachus solocirostris. Suhu tertinggi terdapat pada habitat N. orientalis dan terendah Pateobatis jenkensii. Salinitas tertinggi pada habitat Glaucostegus typus dan terendah pada habitat Pateobatis hortlei. Oksigen terlarut tertinggi pada habitat N. orientalis dan terendah pada habitat Pateobatis jenkinsii. Keasaman tertinggi pada habitat Maculabatis toshi dan terendah pada habitat Pateobatis hortlei. Khlorofil-a tertinggi pada habitat Pateobatis hortlei dan terendah pada habitat Pateobatis jenkinsii. Turbiditas tertinggi pada habitat Pateobatis hortlei dan terendah pada habitat Aetomylaeus maculatus.
Rays have economic value and have a long life, their use varies with increasing intensity, making them vulnerable to extinction. This study aims to determine the diversity, density, biomass, standing stock and habitat characteristics of rays in the Arafura Sea. The research was conducted in 2018 using exploratory Systematic Cluster Random Sampling. The results showed 6 families, 24 species, of which endemic were Neotrygon annotata, N. leylandi, Maculabatis toshi, Hemitrygon longicauda, Pateobatis hortlei. The dominant ray by individual is N. annotata and by weight is Pastinachus sephen. The spatial distribution; the highest diversity and density in the West Papua Area, the highest biomass in the East Aru. Vertical distribution; the highest diversity, density and biomass at a depth 10-20 m. The standing stock of rays in the Arafura Sea is 61,382,761.45 kg and contributes 21.37% to demersal fish stocks. The ray species that has the widest habitat is Maculabatis toshi. The hydrological conditions of the ray habitat vary between species. Deepest habitat is owned by Rhinobatus sp., the shallowest by Pastinachus solocirostris. Highest temperature in N. orientalis habitat, lowest in Pateobatis jenkensii habitat. Salinity highest in the Glaucostegus typus habitat, lowest in the Pateobatis hortlei habitat. Highest dissolved oxygen in the N. orientalis habitat, lowest in the Pateobatis jenkinsii habitat. Acidity highest in the Maculabatis toshi habitat, lowest in the Pateobatis hortlei habitat. Highest chlorophyll-a in the Pateobatis hortlei habitat, lowest in the Pateobatis jenkinsii habitat. Highest turbitdity in the Pateobatis hortlei habitat, lowest in the Aetomylaeus maculatus habitat.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.14.2.2022.%25p
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