KOMPOSISI DANKELIMPAHAN LARVAIKAN SEBAGAI DASARPENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYAIKANDITELUKCEMPI, NUSATENGGARABARAT
Abstract
Kawasan pesisir Teluk Cempi sangat penting bagi pemijahan dan perkembangan awal siklus hidup berbagai jenis ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang komposisi, kelimpahan dan sebaran larva ikan di Teluk Cempi, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2012 di perairan mangrove Teluk Cempi yang terdiri dari 17 titik sampling, meliputi daerah Jambu, Mbawi, Nowa, Woja dan Lara. Pengambilan sampel larva ikan dilakukan dengan menggunakan simple conical tow-net pada siang (pukul 09.00-16.00) dan malam hari (pukul 19.00-24.00). Hubungan antara kelimpahan larva ikan dengan parameter perairan menggunakan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada malam hari, jumlah famili dan kelimpahan larva ikan lebih tinggi (16 famili dengan rataan kelimpahan 471 ekor/1000m3) dibandingkan pada siang hari (14 famili dengan rata kelimpahan 281 ekor/1000m3). Kondisi ini diduga karena larva bersifat nocturnal. Tingginya kelimpahan dan sebaran larva Gobiidae hampir merata di semua stasiun menunjukkan bahwa Gobiidae memiliki toleransi yang tinggi terhadap fluktuasi kondisi lingkungan estuari Teluk Cempi. Suhu merupakan parameter perairan yang mempengaruhi kelimpahan larva ikan saat malam hari, sedangkan salinitas mempengaruhi kelimpahan larva ikan saat siang hari.
The larva phase is the susceptible phase in fish cycle. Cempi bay as coastal area in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara has vital role for fish spawning ground and first life cycle developing. This research aims to assess a difference of composition, abundance and distribution of fish larvae in Cempi Gulf based research period (day and night). The research was conducted on September 2012 in Mangrove waters of Cempi gulf, and collected from 17 point research stations that included Jambu, Mbawi, Nowa, Woja and Lara area. Fish larvae sampled using simple conical tow-net during the day time (09.00 AM – 04.00 PM) and night time (07.00 - 12.00 PM). The relationship between the abundance of larval fish and the water parameters were examined using correlation analysis. In the night time, the family number and larval abundance were higher (16 families and 471 fish/1000m3) than day time (14 families and 281 fish/1000m3). This condition probably due to nocturnal behavior of larvae. Family Gobiidae mostly found in all stations. That condition reflected high tolerance of Gobiidae to the variation of environmental conditions in Cempi bay. Water temperature likely influenced the abundance during night time, while during day time the abundance likely affected by salinity.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.8.3.2016.137-146
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