KARAKTERISTIKMORFOLOGI DANHUBUNGANMORFOMETRIK OTOLITH DENGAN UKURAN IKAN LEMURU (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker, 1853) DI SELAT BALI
Abstract
Otolith telah digunakan secara luas untuk kajian taksonomi, pertumbuhan, umur dan kekerabatan populasi ikan dari perairan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan morfometrik otolith dan ukuran ikan lemuru serta karakteristikmorfologi otolith. Sampel dikumpulkan dari Selat Bali padaApril hingga Juli 2015. Pengujian statistik juga dilakukanmenggunakan uji-t berpasangan dua arah pada selang kepercayaan 99% untuk menentukan signifikansi hasil pengukuran morfometrik antara otolith kanan dan kiri. Hubungan parameter morfometrik dan ukuran ikan dianalisis menggunakan persamaan regresi linear dan eksponensial. Karakteristik morfologi otolith disajikan secara deskriptif dan dipertegas dengan nilai indeks-indeks bentuk menggunakan 6 deskriptor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada pengukuran morfometrik otolith kiri dan kanan. Ukuran otolithmemiliki korelasi isometrik dengan pertumbuhan ikan dimana panjang otolith (OL) menjadi indikator terbaik untuk mengestimasi ukuran individu ikan. Otolith ikan lemuru memiliki ciri-ciri morfologi yang konsisten seperti halnya ikan dari genus Sardinella, khususnya sulcus acusticus, rostrum dan antirostrum. Nilai indeks bentuk yangmenegaskan ciri-ciri morfologi otolith juga dijelaskan.
Otoliths widely used to determine taxonomy, growth, age and population structure of fishes. This study aims to determine the relationship between otolith morphometric to fish sizes and morphological characteristic of otolith. Data were collected from April to July 2015 in Muncar, Bali Strait. The statistical tests using two tails ttest paired sample also implemented to examine differentiation between left and right otolith measurement. The linear regression and exponential equation used to examine otolith morphometric parameter to fish size. Otolith morphological characteristics presented descriptively and emphasized using 6 descriptors of shape indices. The results showed no significant differences between left and right otolith. The otolith-fish size relationship was isometric. An OL (length of otolith) found as the best indicators to estimate the original size of fish. The otolith has specific morphological characteristics, in particular sulcus acusticus, rostrum and antirostrum were similar with other species from Sardinella genus. Shape indices also provided to confirm the morphological otolith.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aguera, A., & Brophy, D. (2011). Use of saggital otolith shape analysis to discriminate Northeast Atlantic and Western Mediterranean stocks of Atlantic saury, Scomberesox saurus saurus (Walbaum). Fish. Res., 110(3), 465–471. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.003
Al-Anboori, I. S. (2016). Otolith dimension characteristics approaches of the Indian Oil Sardine, Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 from Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Greener Jurnal of Biological Science, 6 (1), 1–8. http://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.15580/GJBS.2016.1.110115151
Annabi, A., Said, K., & Reichenbacher, B. (2013). Inter-population differences in otolith morphology are genetically encoded in the killifish Aphanius fasciatus (Cyprinodontiformes). Sci. Mar., 77(2), 269–279. http://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03763.02A
Aydin, R., Calta, M., Dursun, S., & Coban, M.Z. (2004). Relationships between fish lengths and otolith length in the population of Chondrostoma regium (Heckel, 1843) inhabiting Keban Dam Lake. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(9), 1550–1533. http://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.1550.1553
Bani, A., Poursaeid, S., & Tuset, V.M. (2013). Comparative morphology of the sagittal otolith in three species of south Caspian gobies. Journal of Fish Biology, 82 (4), 1321–1332. http://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12073
Barata, A., Bahtiar, A., & Hartaty, H. (2011). Pengaruh perbedaan umpan dan waktu setting rawai tuna terhadap hasil tangkapan tuna di Samudera Hindia. J. Lit. Perik. Ind., 17 (2), 133–138.
Battaglia, P., Malara, D., Romeo, T., & Andaloro, F. (2010). Relationships between otolith size and fish size in some mesopelagic and bathypelagic species from the Mediterranean Sea (Strait of Messina, Italy). Scientia Marina, 74 (3), 605–612. http://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2010.74n3605
Campana, S. E. (2004). Photographic atlas of fish otoliths of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (p.284). Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 133. Ottawa: NRC Research Press.
Campana, S. E., & Neilson, J.D. (1985). Microstructure of fish otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 42, 1014–1032.
Chulin, A. K., & Chen, H.M. (2013). Comparative morphological study of otoliths in Taiwanese anguilliformes fishes. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 21 (Suppl): 77–85. http://doi.org/10.6119/JMST-013-1220-3
Cabello, M.G., Barr, E.E., Solís, E.G.C., Gómez, M.P., & Boa, A.G. (2014). Morphometric analysis on sagittae, asteriscus and lapillus of Shortnose Mojarra Diapterus brevirostris (Teleostei: Gerreidae) in Cuyutlan coastal Lagoon, Colima, Mexico. Revista de Biología Marina Y Oceanografía, 49 (2), 209–223. http://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-19572014000200004
Dehghani, M., Kamrani, E., Salarpouri, A., & Kamali, E. (2015). Relationship between fish length and otolith dimentions (length, width) and otolith weight of Sardinella sindensis, as index for environmental studies, Persian Gulf, Iran. Journal of Fisheries and Livestock Production, 3 (2), 1–5. http://doi.org/10.4172/2332-2608.1000134
Effendie, M.I. (1997). Biologi Perikanan (p.163). Yogyakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Nusatama.
Gaughan, D., Craine, M., Stephenson, P., Leary, T., & Lewis, P. (2008). Regrowth of pilchard (Sardinops sagax) stocks off southern Western Australia following the mass mortality event of 1998/99. Final report Fisheries Research and Development Corporation Project No. 2000/135. Fisheries Research Report No. 176, Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, 82 p.
Gauldie, R. W., & Crampton, J. S. (2002). An eco-morphological explanation of individual variability in the shape of the fish otolith: comparison of the otolith of Hoplostethus atlanticus with other species by depth. J. Fish Bio., 60, 1204–1221. http://doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.2002.1938
Girone, A., & Nolf, D. (2009). Fish otoliths from the Priabonian (Late Eocene) of North Italy and South-East France – Their paleobiogeographical significance. Revue de Micropaleontologie, 52, 195–218. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2007.10.006
Granadeiro, J. P., & Silva, M.A. (2000). The use of otoliths and vertebrae in the identification and size-estimation of fish in predator-prey studies. Cybium, 24(4), 383–393.
Himelda, Wiyono, E. S., Purbayanto, A., & Mustaruddin. (2011). Analisis sumber daya perikanan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker 1853) di Selat Bali. Mar. Fish., 2(2), 165–166
Homayuni, H., Marjani, M., & Sabet, H. M. (2013). Deskriptive key to otoliths of three Sardinella species (Pisces, Clupeidae) from the Northern Oman Sea. AACL Bioflux, 6(3), 211–221.
ICES. (2004). Recruitment studies: Manual precision and accuracy of tools (p.35). ICES Techniques in Marine Environmental Sciences No.33. Copenhagen: International Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
Jawad, L.A., Al-Jufaili, S.A., & Al-Shuhaily, S.S. (2008). Morphology of the otolith of the greater lizardfish Saurida tumbil (Pisces: Synodontidae). Journal of Natural History, 42 (35-36), 2321–2330. http://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802130278
Jawad, L.A., Ambuali, A., Al-Mamry, J.M., & Al-Busaidi,H.K. (2011). Relationship between fish length and otolith length, width and weight of the Indian mackerel Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817) collected from the Sea of Oman. Ribarstvo, 69 (2), 51–61.
Mendoza, R.P.R. (2006). Otoliths and their applications in fishery science. Ribarstvo, 64 (3), 89–102.
Merta, I. G. S. (1992). Dinamika populasi ikan lemuru, Sardinella lemuru Bleeker 1853 (Pisces: Clupeidae) di perairan Selat Bali dan alternatif pengelolaannya. Thesis: Program Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Perera, H.A.C.C., Maldeniya, R., Weerasekara, S.A., & Senadheera, S.P.S.D. (2015). Opportunistic dietary nature of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares): occurrence of polythene and plastic debris in the stomach. IOTC-2015-WPTT17-19. The 17th IOTC Working Party on Tropical Tunas, Montpellier, 23-28 October 2015. 10 p.
Perin, S. & Santos, A.M.V.D. (2014). Morphometry and relative growth of the Brazilian Sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) in the Southeastern Brazilian Bight. Arquivos de Zooglia, 45, 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v45iespp63-72
Polito, M.J., Trivelpiece, W.Z., Karnovsky, N.J., Elizabeth, Ng., Patterson, W.P., & Emslie, S.D. (2011). Integrating stomach content and stable isotope analyses to quantify the diets of pygoscelid penguins. PLoS ONE, 6 (10), 1-10. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026642
Ponton, D. (2006). Is geometric morphometrics efficient for comparing otolith shape of different fish species? Journal of Morphology, 267, 750–757. http://doi.org/10.1002/jmor
Popper, A.N., Ramcharitar, J., & Campana, S.E. (2005). Why otoliths? Insights from inner ear physiology and fisheries biology. Marine and Freshwater Research, 56(5), 497–504. http://doi.org/10.1071/MF04267
Pradini, S., Rahardjo, M. F., & Kaswadji, R. (2001). Kebiasaan makanan ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) di Perairan Muncar, Banyuwangi. J. Iktio. Ind., 1(1), 41–45.
Reichenbacher, B., & Reichard, M. (2014). Otoliths of five extant species of the annual killifish Nothobranchius from the East African savannah. PLoS ONE, 9(11), 1–12. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112459
Reichenbacher, B., Sienknecht, U., Küchenhoff, H., & Fenske, N. (2007). Combined otolith morphology and morphometry for assessing taxonomy and diversity in fossil and extant killifish (Aphanius, †Prolebias). J. Morph., 268(10), 898–915. http://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10561
Sadighzadeh, Z., Ferrer, J. L.O., Lombarte, A., Fatemi, M. R., & Tuset, V.M. (2014). An approach to unraveling the coexistence of snappers (Lutjanidae) using otolith morphology. Scientia Marina, 78 (3), 353–362. http://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03982.16C
Sadighzadeh, Z., Tuset, V. M., Valinassab, T., Dadpour, M. R., & Lombarte, A. (2012). Comparison of different otolith shape descriptors and morphometrics for the identification of closely related species of Lutjanus spp. from the Persian Gulf. Mar. Bio. Res., 8(9), 802–814. http://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.692163
Schwarzhans, W., & Bratishko, A. (2011). The otoliths from the middle Paleocene of Luzanivka ( Cherkasy district , Ukraine ). N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh, 261(1), 83–110. http://doi.org/10.1127/0077-7749/2011/0154
Secor, D. H., Dean, J. M., & Laban, E.H. (1992). Otolith removal and preparation for microchemical examination. In Otolith microstructure examination and analysis (pp. 19-57). Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 117. Ottawa, Canada: NRC Research Press.
Setyadji, B., Bahtiar, A. & Novianto, D. (2012). Stomach content of three tuna species in the eastern Indian Ocean. Ind. Fish. Res. J., 18(2), 57–62.
Seyfabadi, J., Afshari, M., & Valinassab, T. (2014). Note otolith morphology and body size relationships of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) in the northern Oman Sea. Indian Journal of Fisheries 61(2), 112–117.
Skeljo, F., & Ferri, J. (2012). The use of otolith shape and morphometry for identification and size-estimation of five wrasse species in predator-prey studies. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 28(4), 524–530. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01925.x
Sparre, P., & Venema, S.C. (1999). Introduksi Pengkajian Ikan Tropis (p. 438). Buku 1: Manual. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan.
Tuset, V.M., Lombarte, A., & Assis, C.A. (2008). Otolith atlas for the Western Mediterranean, north and central eastern Atlantic. Scientia Marina, 72 (72S1), 7–198. http://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2008.72s17
Tuset, V. M., Rosin, P. L., & Lombarte, A. (2006). Sagittal otolith shape used in the identification of fishes of the genus Serranus. Fisheries Research, 81, 316–325. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.06.020
Tuset, V. M., Lombarte, A., González, J. A., Pertusa, J. F., & Lorente, M.J. (2003). Comparative morphology of the sagittal otolith in Serranus spp. Journal of Fish Biology, 63, 1491–1504. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.00262.x
Uktolseja, J. C. B. (1992). Pengaruh pemakaian umpan saury dan lemuru terhadap hasil tangkapan rawai tuna. J.Lit.Kan.Lut, 65, 79–100
Uktolseja, J. C. B. (1993). Status perikanan ikan pelagis kecil dan kemungkinan pemanfaatannya sebagai ikan umpan hidup untuk perikanan rawai tuna di Prigi, Jawa Timur. J.Lit.Kan.Lut, 80,18–45.
Valinassab, T., Seifabadi, J., Homauni, H., & Bandpei, M.A.A. (2012). Relationships between fish size and otolith morphology in ten clupeids from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Cybium, 36 (4), 505–509.
Yilmaz, S., Yazicioglu, O., Yazici, R., & Polat, N. (2015). Relationships between fish length and otolith size for five cyprinid species from Lake Ladik, Samsun, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39(3), 438–446. http://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1403-58
Yilmaz, S., Yazicioglu, O., Saygin, S., & Polat, N. 2014. Relationships of otolith dimensions with body length of European perch, Perca fluviatilis L., 1758 from Lake Ladik, Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 46 (5), 1231–1238.
Zan, X. X., Zhang, C., Xu, B. D., & Zhang, C.L. (2015). Relationships between fish size and otolith measurements for 33 fish species caught by bottom trawl in Haizhou Bay, China. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 31 (3), 544–548. http://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12751
Zengin, M., Saygin, S., & Polat, N. (2015). Otolith shape analyses and dimensions of the Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus L in the Black and Marmara Seas. Sains Malaysiana, 44 (5), 657–662.
Zischke, M. T., Litherland, L., Tilyard, B. R., Stratford, N. J., Jones, E. L., & Wang, Y. (2016). Otolith morphology of four mackerel species (Scomberomorus spp.) in Australia: Species differentiation and prediction for fisheries monitoring and assessment. Fish. Res., 176, 39–47. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.12.003
Zorica, B., Sinovčić, G., & Čikeškeč, V. (2010). Preliminary data on the study of otolith morphology of five pelagic fish species from the Adriatic Sea (Croatia). Acta Adriatica, 51(1), 89–96.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.8.3.2016.159-172
Bawal Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats
p-ISSN 1907-8226
e-ISSN 2502-6410