KEBIASAAN MAKANAN, LUAS DAN TUMPANG TINDIH RELUNG BEBERAPA JENIS LOBSTER DI TELUK PRIGI, KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Abstract
Sampai saat ini, informasi mengenai kebiasaan makan, luas relung dan tumpang tindih relung mengenai lobster di Indonesia belum banyak diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kebiasaan makan, luas relung dan tumpang tindih relung beberapa jenis lobster di Teluk Prigi, Kabupaten Trenggalek. Pengambilan sampel isi lambung lobster diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan lobster di Teluk Prigi, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Mei dan November 2016. Jumlah sampel lobster yang diamati isi lambungnya berjumlah 63 ekor dengan kisaran panjang karapas 4,6-8,2 mm. Kebiasaan makanan beberapa jenis lobster di Teluk Prigi terdiri dari moluska, krustasea, detritus, karang, tumbuhan (makrofita) dan pasir. Luas relung tertinggi dimiliki oleh lobster bambu (Panulirus versicolor) dan lobster batik (Panulirus longipes). Tumpang tindih relung yang tinggi mengindikasikan tingginya peluang kompetisi dalam memanfaatkan makanan kecuali lobster batik merah (Panulirus longipes femoristriga).
Information on feeding habits, niches breadth and overlap of some lobsters in Indonesia have not been widely known. The purposes of this study are to obtain information on the food habit, niches breadth and overlap of some lobsters in Gulf of Prigi, Trenggalek Regency. Sample of the lobster were obtained from the catch of lobster fishermen in Prigi Waters, Trenggalek Regency, East Java Province. This study was conducted on May and November 2016. The number of lobster samples observed for stomach content analysis were 63 specimen individuals with a carapace length range 4.6-8.2 mm. Food habit of some types of spiny lobsters in Gulf of Prigi consisted molluscs, crustaceans, detritus, corals, plants (macrophyta) and sands. Bamboo lobster (Panulirus versicolor) and batik lobsters (Panulirus longipes) have the highest nice breadth. Niche overlap that indicate a high chance of food competition was indicated by almost all species of spiny lobsters except batik merah lobster (Panulirus longipes femoristriga).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abelha, M.C.F., Goulart, E., Kashiwaqui, E.A.L. & Silva, M.R. (2006). Astyanax paranae Eigenmann, 1914 (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil: diet composition and variation. Neo Icht 4: 349-356.
Berner, T. (1990). Coral reef algae, In: Dubinsky, Z. (ed): Coral reef ecosystem of the world 25. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: 253-364.
BP2KSI. (2015). Ecological Assessment untuk Restocking Benih Lobster di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Indonesia. Laporan Teknis. Balai Penelitian Pemulihan dan Konservasi Sumber Daya Ikan.
BP2KSI. (2016). Penelitian Pengembangan Kawasan Konservasi Perikanan di Lombok Tengah dan Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Laporan Teknis. Balai Penelitian Pemulihan dan Konservasi Sumber Daya Ikan.
Chan, T.Y. (1998). Lobsters. In Carpenter, K.E. & Niem, V.H. (eds). FAO species identification guide for fisherh purposes. The living marine resources of Western Central Pacific. Volume 2. Chepalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks. FAO. Rome. pp. 973-981.Cowx, I.G 1994. Stocking strategy: Fisheries Management and Ecology. (1):15-30.
Collwel, R. K. & Futuyma, D. J. (1971). On the Measurement of Niche Breadth and Overlap. Ecology. 52 (4), 567-576.
Corrêa C.E., Albrecht, M.P., & Hahn, N.S. (2011). Patterns of niche breadth and feeding overlap of the fish fauna in the seasonal Brazilian Pantanal, Cuiabá River basin. Neo Icht. 9(3), 637-646.
DKP Kab. Trenggalek. (2015). Statistik perikanan Kabupaten Trenggalek Tahun Anggaran 2015. Trenggalek.
DJPT. (2015). Statistik perikanan tangkap berdasarkan Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia (WPP NRI) 2005-2014. Jakarta. 966 hlm.
Glynn, P.W. (1990). Feeding ecology of selected coral-reef ecosystem macroconsumers: patterns and effects on coral community structure. In: Dubinsky, Z. (ed): ecosystems of the world, vol. 25. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 365-364.
Gocke, C., N. Kaschek. & E.I. Meyer. (2013). Diet of Fishes in a Detritus-Based Sandy Lowland Brook. Limnologica. 43, 451-459.
Haley, C.N., Blamey, L.K., Atkinson, L.J. & Branch, G.M. (2011). Dietary change of the rock lobster Jasus lalandii after an ‘invasive’ geographic shift: Effects of size, density and food availability. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 93:160-170. DOI:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.04.015
Holthuis, L.B. (1991). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 13. Marine lobsters of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. No. 125, Vol. 13. Rome, FAO.292 p.
Hurlbert, S. H. (1978). The measurement of niche overlap and some relatives. Ecology, 59(1), 67-77. DOI: 10.2307/1936632
Junaedi, N., Cokrowati. & Abidin, Z. (2010). Aspek produksi lobster (Panulirus sp.) di Perairan Teluk Ekas Pulau Lombok. Jurnal Kelautan 3(1), 29.
Kartamihardja, E.S. & F. Satria. (2016). Pengkayaan stok (Stock Enhancement) dan Rehabilitasi Habitat (Panulirus spp.). Petunjuk Teknis. Balai Penelitian dan Konservasi Sumberdaya Ikan. 39 hlm.
Krebs, C. J. (1989). Ecological Methodology (p. 652). Harper and Row Inc. Publisher. New York.
Levins, R. (1968). Evolution in changing environments: some theoretical explorations (p. 120). Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
Mashaii, M., Rajabipour, F. & Shakouri, A. (2011). Feeding habits of the scalloped spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Decapoda: Palinuridae) from the South East Coast of Iran, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 11, 45-54.
Milton, D.A., Proctor, C., Satria, F. & West, R.J. (Editors) (2012). South coast Java Lobster fishery (p. 46). Report prepared for ACIAR Project FIS/2006/142, Developing new assessment and policy frameworks for Indonesia’s marine fisheries, including the control and management of Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) Fishing. Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security (ANCORS), University of Wollongong, Australia.
Moyle, P.B. & Senanayake, F.R. (1984). Resource partitioning among the fishes of rainforest streams in Sri Lanka. J. Zool. Lond. 202, 195-223. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1984.tb05951.x
Natarajan, A.V. & A.G. Jhingran. (1961). Index of Preponderance – A Method of Grading the Food Elements in the Stomach Analysis of Fishes. Indian Jounal of Fisheries VIII. (1), 54-59.
Nikolsky, G. V. (1963). The Ecology of Fishes (p. 352). Academic Press. New York.
Novakowski, G.C., Hahn, N.S. & Fugi, R. (2008). Diet seasonality and food overlap of the fish assemblage in a pantanal pond. Neotropical Ichthyology, 6(4), 567-576.
Nurfiarini, A., Wijaya, D., Mujiyanto, Satria, F. & Kartamihardja, E.S. (2016). Pendekatan sosial-ekologi untuk penilaian kesesuaian lokasi Restocking lobster pasir Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) pada beberapa perairan di Indonesia. J. Lit. Perikan. Ind. 22(2), 123-138.
Phillips, B.F. (Ed.). (2006). Lobsters: Biology, Management, Aquaculture, and Fisheries. (p.506). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Singapore.
Pianka ER. (1973). The structure of lizard communities. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4, 53-74. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000413
Reinthal, P. N. (1990). The feeding habits of a group of herbivorous rock-dwelling cichlid fishes (Cichlidae: Perciformes) from Lake Malawi, Africa. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 27, 215-233.
Sa, R., Bexiga, C., Veiga, P., Vieira., L. & Erzini, K. (2006). Feeding ecology and trophic relationships of fish species in the lower Guadiana River Estuary and Castro Marim e Vila Real de Santo António Salt Marsh. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 70, 19-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.05.038
Sahlmann, C., Chan, T.Y. & Chan, B.K.K. (2011). Feeding modes of deep-sea lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Nephropidae and Palinuridae) in Northwest Pacific waters: Functional morphology of mouthparts, feeding behaviour and gut content analysis, Zoologischer Anzeiger. A Journal of Comparative Zoology. 250(1), 55-66. ISSN 0044-5231.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2010.11.003.
Segurado, P., Santos, J.M., Pont, D., Melcher, A.H., Jalon, D.G., Hughes, R.M. & Ferreira, M.T. (2011). Estimating species tolerance to human perturbation: Expert judgment versus empirical approaches. Ecol. Ind. 11, 1623-1635.
Tewfik A., Mills, D. & Adhuri, D. (2009). Spiny lobster resources and opportunity for culture in post-tsunami Aceh, Indonesia. In Williams K.C. (ed.). Spiny lobster aquaculture in the Asia–Pacific region. Proceedings of an international symposium held at Nha Trang, Vietnam, 9–10 December 2008. ACIAR Proceedings No. 132 (p.162). Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research: Canberra.
Wardiatno, Y., Hakim, A., Mashar, A., Butet, N., Adrianto, L. & Farajallah, A. (2016) First record of Puerulus mesodontus Chan, Ma & Chu, 2013 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Achelata, Palinuridae) from south of Java, Indonesia. Biodiversity Data Journal 4, e8069. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e8069
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.9.3.2017.153-161
Bawal Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats
p-ISSN 1907-8226
e-ISSN 2502-6410
