PARAMETER POPULASI KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata) DI PERAIRAN PASAMAN BARAT
Abstract
Pemanfaatan sumber daya kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) di perairan Pasaman Barat sudah lama dilakukan oleh nelayan kecil dengan menggunakan bubu (tangkul) yang bersifat tidak selektif. Sebagai komoditi perikanan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia, perlu dilakukan pengelolaan yang tepat agar ketersediaannya tetap berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Januari - November 2016, dengan tujuan mengkaji beberapa parameter populasi sebagai bahan kebijakan pengelolaan kepiting bakau di perairan Pasaman Barat agar tetap lestari. Pengumpulan sampel dilakukan secara acak dari hasil tangkapan nelayan oleh enumerator. Metode analisis parameter populasi menggunakan distribusi frekwensi lebar karapas dengan bantuan program FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessement Tools)-II. Hasil analisis diperoleh laju pertumbuhan (K) sebesar 0,63 pertahun, (CW)= 178,5 mm, kematian alami (M) 1,06 pertahun, kematian karena penangkapan (F)= 1,03 per tahun, dan kematian total (Z)=2,09 pertahun. Tingkat eksploitasi (E) =0,49. Tingkat pemanfaatan kepiting bakau di perairan Pasaman Barat sudah pada tahapan yang jenuh (fully exploited). Pembatasan alat tangkap merupakan opsi yang paling memungkinkan.
Mud crab (Scylla serrata) is one of fisheries commodity that has an important economic value in Indonesia. Utilization of mud crabs in West Pasaman had been exploited for years long time with traps fishing gear. The research was conducted in January - November 2016 in the waters of West Pasaman. Sampling were conducted randomly. This paper aims to determine some population parameters of mud crab to used as a guidance guidance in the management of mud crab. in the waters of West Pasaman. Population parameter data analysis using software FiSAT (FAO-ICLARM Stock assessement Tools) II. The results of population dynamic parameters of mud crab showed that growth rate (K) was 0.63 per year, Length infinity (L) was 178.5 mm, natural mortality (M) was 1.06 per year, fishing mortality (F) was 1.03 per year, and total mortality (Z) 2.09 per year. Exploitation rate (E) was 0.49. The exploitation rate of mud crabs in the waters of West Pasaman were (fully exploited), the fishing need to be managed carefully, limitation of fishing gear is the most likely option to be enforced.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.9.3.2017.207-213
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