TINGKAT KEMATANGAN GONAD DAN DUGAAN MUSIM PEMIJAHAN TIGA SPESIES IKAN PELAGIS KECIL YANG DIDARATKAN DI BITUNG
Abstract
Hasil tangkapan pukat cincin berukuran <10 GT yang mendarat di Bitung didominasi oleh ikan pelagis kecil. Ikan pelagis kecil tersebut didominasi oleh ikan malalugis/layang biru (Decapterus macarellus), ikan selar bentong/tude (Selar crumenophthalmus) dan ikan banyar (Rastrelliger kanagurta) yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kondisi biologi kematangan gonad terhadap tiga spesies utama pelagis kecil yang mendarat di PPS Bitung tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga spesies ikan pelagis kecil yang diamati sebagian besar dalam kondisi belum matang gonad (TKG 1, TKG 2 dan TKG 3). Ukuran rata-rata tertangkap (L50) ketiga spesies ikan yang diamati lebih rendah dari ukuran pertama kali matang seksual (Lm) (L50 < Lm). Pola fluktuasi GSI menunjukkan puncak pemijahan terjadi dua kali; pemijahan D. macarellus diduga berlangsung antara April-Juni dan Agustus-November; S. crumenophthalmus antara Mei-Juli dan Oktober-November; sedang pemijahan R. kanagurta antara Maret-Mei dan Oktober-November.
The catch of small scale purse seine <10 GT that landed in Bitung was dominated by small pelagic fish. The small pelagic fish is dominated by mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus), bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) and indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta). Those species have a high economic values. The purpose of this study was to examine the biological conditions of three small pelagic main species that landed in the Bitung Ocean Fishing Port with emphasize of gonadal maturity. The results showed that all three species observed mostly in immature stages (stage 1, 2 and 3). The average length of first capture (Lc) of all three fish species was lower than the size of the first sexually maturity (Lm) (Lc < Lm). The GSI shows fluctuating pattern with predicted peak season of spawning of D. macarellus species occured around April to June and August to November, S. crumenophthalmus species around May to July and October-November, while R. kanagurta spawn at around March to May and October-November.
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