ASPEK BIOLOGI DAN PARAMETER PERTUMBUHAN IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus russelli, Rupell, 1928) DIPERAIRAN SELAT MALAKA
Abstract
Ikan Layang (Decapterus russelli, Rupell, 1928) merupakan salah satu ikan pelagis kecil bernilai ekonomis penting di perairan Selat Malaka. Ikan ini banyak tertangkap oleh alat tangkap purse seine. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek biologi dan parameter pertumbuhan ikan Layang yang tertangkap purse seine di perairan Selat Malaka. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan April hingga September 2016. Informasi yang disajikan oleh studi ini meliputi: hubungan panjang berat, faktor kondisi, rasio kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad dan parameter pertumbuhan. Parameter pertumbuhan diperoleh dari data frekuensi panjang bulanan dan dianalisis dengan ELEFAN I dalam program FiSAT II, nisbah kelamin dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-kuadrat dan TKG ditentukan secara morfologi. Ikan Layang yang diperoleh selama penelitian sebanyak 958 ekor dengan kisaran ukuran antara 8,4-28,7 cmFL dan nisbah kelamin antara jantan dan betina yaitu 1:1,01. Pola pertumbuhan panjang-bobot ikan Layang jantan dan betina bersifat allometrik positif dengan mengikuti persamaan W=0,0057L3,2984 (R2=0,9745) untuk jantan dan W=0,0079L3,183 (R2=0,9825) untuk Layang betina. Kisaran faktor kondisi ikan Layang antara 0,97-1,67.Ikan Layang yang diamati mempunyai TKG I sampai dengan IV dengan nilai IKG 0,056– 6,36 % untuk ikan jantan dan 0.103 – 6,044 % untuk ikan betina. Persamaan kurva pertumbuhan Von Bertalanffy ikan Layang di Selat Malaka yaitu Lt =24,25 (1 - e 1,03(t+-0.163)) dengan panjang asimtotik (L∞) =24,25 cmFL, koefisien pertumbuhan (K) = 1,03 per tahun dengan umur teoritis (t0) = - 0,163. Ukuran rata-rata tertangkap (L50% = Lc) untuk ikan Layang adalah 16,21cmFL.
Indianscad (Decapterus russelli, Rupell, 1928) is one of small pelagic fish that have economic values in The Malacca straits. This fish is caught by purse seine. The aim of this research were to assess several aspects of biolocal reproduction and growth parameter for Indianscad caught by purse seine in the Malacca straits. This research was conducted from April to September 2016. Information resulted from this study consisted of length weight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio, gonad maturation stage and growth parameter. Growth parameter used the ELEFAN I method by using FiSAT II software, sex ratio was analyzed using Chi-Square and gonad maturation stage by using morphology. This study used 958 fish samples with size between 8,4-28,7 cmFL and the sex ratio between male and female was 1:1,01. The growth patterns of Indian scad for male and female were negative allometric expressed by the following equation: W=0,0057L3,2984 (R2=0,9745) for male and W=0,0079L3,183 (R2=0,9825) for female. The condition factors were about 0,65-1,67.Indianscads observedranged between TKG I and TKG IV with IKG for male and female were 0.056– 6,36 % and 0.103 – 6,044 %, respectively. The Von Bertalanffy Growth Equation of Indian scad in Malacca straits was Lt =24,25 (1 - e 1,03(t+-0.163)) with the asymptotic length (L∞) =24,25 cmFL, growth coefficient (K) = 1,03 per year and the theoretical age (t0) Indian scad that was equal to (t0) = - 0,163. Length at first capture of Indian scad (Lc) was 16,21cmFL.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.11.3.2019.175-187
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