KEBIASAAN MAKANAN, LUAS RELUNG DAN TINGKAT TROFIK KOMUNITAS IKAN DI ESTUARI KALIWLINGI KABUPATEN BREBES
Abstract
Studi mengenai kebiasaan makanan serta tingkat trofik ikan merupakan hal penting untuk mengetahui interaksi serta aliran energi antar spesies dalam ekosistem. Informasi ini membantu dalam pengelolaan ekosistem yaitu sebagai acuan dalam mengkaji perubahan yang terjadi serta bermanfaat untuk membangun model trofik dalam pengelolaan. Estuari merupakan eskosistem dinamis yang memiliki berbagai tipe jenis ikan serta rentan mengalami perubahan akibat aktivitas manusia. Pengelolaan ekosistem estuari penting untuk menjamin keberlanjutan sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan estuari Kaliwlingi Brebes pada November-Desember 2018 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makanan, luas relung dan tingkat trofik komunitas ikan pada estuari Kaliwlingi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis makanan yang dimanfaatkan komunitas ikan di kawasan tersebut adalah fitoplankton, zooplankton, tumbuhan (makrofita), molusca, insekta (serangga), annelida, ikan, udang dan detritus. Beberapa ikan memiliki luas relung yang tinggi yang mengindikasikan cenderung bersifat generalis dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya makanan. Sebagian besar ikan pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam tingkat trofik omnivora.
The study of food habit and tropic levels of fish is important for understanding interaction and energy flows among species. This information helps in management of ecosystems as reference in assessing changes that occur in ecosystems and useful for constructing trophic model. Estuary ia a dynamic ecosystem that has various types of fish and susceptible due to human activitiesEstuaries is a habitat for various fish. However, estuaries is one of the vulnerable coastal ecosystems due to human activities impact.Management for estuaries ecosystem is important to maintain fish resources sustainability. This research was conducted in Kaliwlingi estuary-Brebes district in November – Desember 2018. The aim if this research is to obtain information of food habits, niche breadth and trophic level of fish community in Kaliwlingi estuary. The results showed that the food utilized by the fishes were phytoplankton, zooplankton, plants (macrophytes), mollusc, insects, annelids, nekton (fish), shrimp and detritus. Some fishes have a broad niche breadth which indicates as generalist in utilizing food resources. The trophic level of most of the fishes found in this study is omnivorous.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.11.2.2019.69-78
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