POTENTIAL YIELD OF DEEP SEA SHRIMP RESOURCES IN THE SOUTHERN JAVA OF THE INDIAN OCEAN EEZ WATERS

Study on the potential yield of deep sea shrimp in the south off Java waters (lndian Ocean) was carried out based on data collected from the survey conducted between May and June 2005 using Baruna Jaya IV research vessel. This study was basically conducted by applying swept area method.


INTRODUCTION
Fisheries resources is national resource in Indonesia which has not been managed profesionally yet.As a result, there has no control exploiting this resource due to strong demand of the resource and huge increase of labour amount working in capture fisheries (Huseini, 2005).lf sustainable management of the resource is not applied, sooner, or later sustainability of the resource is indanger.Moreover extinct of the stock is a matter of to occur.

Status of most shallow waters shrimp stock in
Indonesia is now already fully or over exploited (Pusat   Riset Perikanan Tangkap, 2003).This fact indicated that exploitation of the shallow waters shrimp stock should be strongly decreased.In order to stabilize shrimp production of Indonesia from year to yearwill step down.One of new shrimp stocks of Indonesia is deep sea shrimp.Period of research was about 33 days.Depth of waters ranged from 200 m to 1,000 m (Figure 1).Fishing gear used was trawl with length of head rope about 31.6 m (Anonymous, 2005).Handling time of each station was 30 minutes and catch rate was calculated in kg.Species identification was based on King   (1986); Dallef a/. (1990)  4where: a =square of sweep area (mil2) V =vesselspeed (knot)  t =towing time (hour)  fi = length of heap rope (m) X =constanta (0.67) O = catch per area (kg km2)   CW =catch rate (kg per hour)   B =stock density (kg kmz)  1) Table 1 showed that shrimp caught in south off Java waters was dominated by family of Penaeidae.This might be due to fishing ground where survey taken place was muddy waters.This condition uras surtable habitat for commercial soecies such as Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus and Arisfeus wlllrs (King,   19BO).I-hese species were also found in deep sea mud waters of Kai, Aru, and Tanimbar lslands (Sumiono & Soselisa, 1993).Caridean shrimp (Heterocarpus sp.) was another dominant species caught in coral waters of south off Yogyakarta and south off Pacitan (111-113'BT)" King (1986) informed that this species tended to live in coral waters.Sumiono & Soselisa   (1992) added that this species was also found in coral lJaters of Kai, Aru, and Tanimbar lslands.Deep sea shrimp research in Pacific lsland waters found that stock consisted of 16 Caridean shrimo which was dominated by Heterocarpus sp.dan Pleslonka sp.(King, 1986).Another research about tlre deep sea shrimp stock rn west off lndia waters found '13 species of Penaeid (George, 1967).ln addition, most of the deep sea shrimp caught in Australia waters was family B -r.rfry!,i.rYYr'.rYrrHeterocarpus sp. were categorized as big shrimp while P/esionika martia and Acanthephyra armata were classified as small shrimo.These dominant species were also categorized as important economic species (King,19BO).
Figure 2 also showed that size composition of the catch was highly varied.This informed that deep sea shrimp population consisted of several cohort This also indicated that young and adult shrimp tended to live in one population.lnvestigation toward size of female and male shrimos indicated that the former always bigger than the later.This condition was identicalwith data obtained from research done in shallowwaters (Naamin, 1984).

Distribution
Distribution of the deep sea shrimp is influenced by waters depth whereas each species tend to lrve rn certain depth.lt usually happens that the deeper of the waters, the bigger the size of deep sea shrimp (King, 1986).Table 2 showed that distribution of deep Potential Yield of Deep Sea .... in the Southern Java of the lndian Ocean EEZ Waters (Suman, A,, et al-)   sea shrimp caught in south off Java waters.lt was alsofound in eastof Indonesianwaters (George, '1967).also informed that small deep sea shrimps family of PandalidaeandPenaeidaeweredistributedinshallow In general, P. edwardsianus, A. armata, and A.
waters below 500 m while big deep sea shrimps family vlrllrs had the widest area of distribution because they of Penaeidae such as A.-viritis, P. edwardslanus had the highest frequency of occurrence, namely 71 , (famili Aristeidae) tended to live in deeper waters 67, and 65% respectively (Tabel 2).Same (>500m).Therewerealsoseveralspecieswhichcould phenomenon was found in Kai, Aru, and Tanimbar   live in wide range of depth such as family of waters.Thewidestareaofdistributionwasoccupied Aristeidae, PanOalidae, Sergestidae, and by family Aristeidae and Pandalidae (Sumiono &  Solenoceridae.They distributed in 200 until 1,000 m.Soselisa, 1993).According to waters depth, the deep Research in Australia waters fou nd that P. sea shrimp inEEZarea of south off Java waters was edwardsianus, A. fotiacea, and H. sibogaespreaded mostly caught in the depth in the depth 200 to 500 m from 350 until750 m while Haliporoides spp.tended (Figure 3).
to stay in the depth ot 275 until 820 m (Holthuis,   1gS0): The deep sea shrimps stated in Table 2were In Australia deep sea waters, most of the deep also found in Kai, Aru, and Tanimbar waters (Sumiono sea shrimp was found at depth of 300 to 500 m (Wadley  &Soselisa, 19g3).Anotherpreviousresearch reported & Morris, 1991).Similarly in Kai, Aru, and Tanimbar that Solenocera spp., Hymenopenaeus spp., waters, mostof them was caught in 400 to 500 m Metapenaeopsrs spp., and Parapenaetlsspp.were depth (Sumiono & Soselisa, 1993).Data of stock density were shrimp collected from 52 research stations located in between south off east Java and south of west Java waters (Figure 1).The highest stock density was 398,98 kg km 2 found in station 24 alarea 110 to 111o E in south off Yogyakarta until Pacitan waters.While the lowest was 7,83 kg km-2 caught in station 20 atarea 109-110o E in south off Cilacap until Kebumen waters.This was higher than that in EEZ area of south off lrian Jaya waters which the highest only 7,9 kg km-2 (Suman et a/''   1993).The detailed information about stock density in south off Java waters was shown at Table 3.
Table 3 informed that average stock density was higher in east area with the highest stock density in area of 110-1110 E. This was area J-3 located in south oiYogyakarta and Pacitan waters.This phenomenon might be caused by suitability of this habitat for most dominant of deep sea shrimp (familyAristeidae)which tended to live in mud waters (King, 1986)    Length composition of dominant species of shrimps in southern of Java waters Based on data collection from52 research stations, total biomass (standing stock) of deep sea shrimp in south off Java was predicted to be 1,137 ton.Because no exploitation in this area, potential yield of deep sea shrimp would be a half of total biomass, namely 12 568 ton per year.Total biomass and potential yield of deep sea shrimp resources in this area were mucn more higher than that in south off lrian Java waiers which were only 553 ton and ^)_/ ton respectrvelv.
According to the potentialyielt^ .lndexisting condition of exploitation in south off Java waters, about 250 fishing units can be operated to exploit the deep sea shrimp resources.Therefore there is a good chance for fishermen in south off Java waters especially who have fishing base in Cilacap, Yogyakarta, and Pacitan operating new fishing units in order to get benefit from exploiting the deep sea shrimp regources.

CONCLUSSION AND RECCOMENDATION
1.There were 38 species of the deep sea shrimps found in south off Java waters' scarlet shrimp (P e dw a rd si a n us) d om i nated th e catch (26'0 4%) and most of the catch was categorized as commercial species.
2. The highest distribution of deep sea shrimp was found in 200 to 500 m and P edwardsianus, A' armata and A. viritis had the widest area of distribution.
3. The bigger size of deep sea shrimp was caught in the depth 500 to 1,000 m and the smaller size was found in the dePth 200 to 500 m' 4. Stock density of the deep sea shrtmp in south off Java waters ranged from 7.83 to 398'98 kg km' and stock density in east area of south off Java waters was higher than that in west area' 5. Total biomass (standing stock) and potentialyield of deep sea shrimp in south off Java waters were 1,137 ton and 568 ton resPectivelY' 6. Support from local government in south of Java area was urgently required in order to provide fishermen with 250 fishing units to exploit the deep sea shrimp resources in south off Java waters' lndonesia and Japanese Goverment have made an agreement to do research about deep sea shrimp stock in EEZ area of south off Java and west otf Sumatera waters.This report discusses potentialyield of the deep sea shrimp resources in south off Java waters.lt hopes that the report will be usefull for study and development of the deep sea shrimp stock in Indonesia waters.MATERIALSAND METHODS Source of data was based on research done from May 2005 to June 2005 in Indian Ocean of south off Java waters using Baruna Jaya lV research vessel.

Figure 1
Figure 1Sampling site of deep sea shrimp research in south off Java waters .

Table 2 .
Distribution of deep sea shrimp in the southern Java of the Indian Ocean EEZ waters Verticaldistribution of deep sea shrimp in the southern Java of the Indian Ocean EEZ waters.Stock density of deep sea shrimp (kg kmt) in the southern Java of the Indian Ocean EEZ