BtoLoGIGALASPECTS , DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ALFONSINO ( Beryx splendens ) lN THE INDIAN OCEAN EKSLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE OF INDONESIA

Deep water fisheries resources in the Indian Ocean ekslusive economic zone of Indonesia, has been investigated extensively in the year of 2004 to 2005. Recently a fishing operation of deep sea bottom trawl vessel F/B. Koshin Maru 01 from January to May 2008 has been attempted at around the Simeulue lsland. One of a target fish was the Alfonsino, Beryx splendens. Based on the data obtained from lndonesia-Japan deep sea fisheries joint exploration program and catch data of F/8. Koshin Maru 01 the distribution, density, and biology of the Alfonsino will be analyzed. The fish was found distribute along southern of Jawa and western of Sumatera. The stock density was 68.56 kg km-2 in southern of Jawa and 607.79 kg km-2in western of Sumatera with particularly abundant at western of the Simeulue lsland. The catch rate was bigger in the depth range of 500 to 700 m, while the size of fish was bigger in the deeper part. The population of the species was dominated by male (60%) with two age groups that represented by the length of approximately 26 and 32 cm. Female Alfonsino are likely consisted of three age groups represented by the length groups of approximately 26, 32, and 36 cm with length of first maturity (Lm) was 33 cm. The main diet was mainly shrimps (Sergesfes spp). F/B Koshin Maru no 01 has substantially caught smaller size than Lm of the Alfonsino. This should become a warning to the fisheries manager that the recent practice of deep sea bottom trawl will endanger the resources.


INTRODUCTION
TheAlfonsino (Beryx splendens) has been known as an economic important deeo sea demersal fish.
The fish was reported reach for about $4.5 per kg bulk in MelbourneAustralia fish whole market and become one of major fisheries in New Zealand since 1988 (Clark & Richard, 2003). Recently, Indonesia-Japan Joint exploration of deep sea fisheries resources reported that the Alfon sino (Beryx splendens) occurred wide spread in the Indian Ocean ekslusive economic zone of Indonesia (Anonymous, 2006 Suseno et al. (2007) revealed the fish has a good content for human health such as protein 23%, fat 2%, and 17 important amino acids with leusin (0.96%) and fenilalanin (0.97%) were dominant in quantity. lt is likely that the Alfonsino (Beryx splendens)will become a future main target species forthe deep sea demersalfishery in the Indian Ocean ekslusive economic zone of Indonesia.
ln line with the possibility to utilize the resource it was reported that the resilience of this species is low with minimum population doubling time 4.5 to '14 years tmax=23;Fec=270,000) thus the fish categorized has high to very high vulnerability (65.28). Maximum size was reported reach to 70.0 cm TL (male)weight: 4,000 g with maximum age: 23 years (Maul, 1990), Thus the utilization of the resources should be done with precautionary approach.
The Indonesia-Japan joint exploration project within 2004 to 2005 has informed the deep sea demersal resources in general. However there was very little information of theAlfonsino (Beryx sp/endensJ. In this paper the distribution, density, sex ratio, maturity, length of first mature, and the diet of Beryx splendens from the depth of 200 to 1,000 m, especially in the western of Aceh, Indian Ocean ekslusive economic zone of Indonesia will be described. The distribution of length size of the Alfonsino gathered from recent practice of deep sea fisheries in the western of Aceh waters (Simeulue lsland) will also be presented to know the actual practice of a commercial deep sea bottom trawl fishing boat. lnd.Fish Res.J. Vol.14 No.2 December-2118: 75-82 MATERIALSAND METHODS

Biological Measurement
The data of this species were originated from Biological information i.e. length size distribution, research vessel Baruna Jaya lV cruises conducted sex ratio, gonad weight, and stomach content were during 2nd of July 2005 to 3d of September 2005 in the based on sampled of the Alfonsino that examined on framework of the Indonesia-Japan deep sea fisheries board during the cruise. Length of first maturity was resources jointexploration marine research. Deep sea calculated following Udupa (1986) in Badrudin et al. trawl used as a sample gear in the survey was (2007)aspresented inTable2.Thestagesof maturity described as head rope = 36 m, ground rope 38 m, were classified into four stages with visual method headline height of 3.5 to 4 m, wings tip spread of 24 r.e. mature (with globules and transparent of eggs on m, and was fished with a 40 mm liner in the cod end, the gonad with bright in color), maturing (very few and heavy rubber bobbin ground gear exploratory globules and white in color), immature (no globules, fishing covered the depth range of 200 to 1,000 m, small in size and weight) and spent (the gonad of while data analyses in this paper was limited to the . membrane appear distract) (Anonymous 2006). biological aspects, density, and distribution of the Breeding proportion index was the proportion of total Alfonsino (Beryx splendens). Additional catch data of number of gonad to the number of mature gonad. the fish were obtained from the fishing operation of F/ Gonad somatic index was the percentage of the B. Koshin Maru 01 in the western of Simeulue lsland proportion of gonad weight to the body weight. from January to May 2008. The data were analyzed to show the length size distribution of the Alfonsino RESULTS AND DISCUSSION caught by the fishing boat.
The Species Analyses of Distribution and Density In the field of systematic ichthyology Beryx Based on catch rate data, estimation of stock sp/endenswas classified in the family of Berycidae. density was calculated by using swepf area method In the family of berycidae there are four species that The models were based on the trawled area, speed , is Centroberyx druzhinini, Beryx decadactylus, Beryx towing time, net opening, and the catches (Sparre & mollis, and Beryx splendens. The morphology of Venema, 1992)  The mean catch rate will figured by depth range west of Barung lsland at depth 335 m. The catches while the estimation of stock density will plotted to from individual stations are plotted with symbol size the map in order to gain insight of the spatial proportionalto the numbers in the catch in Figure 2.
distribution of the fish.
The populations were not found as shift to the West starting from 108'E until Enggano lsland. Beryx sp/endens was also occurred around Enggano waters in relatively small quantity and small body size.  In term of vertical distribution the catches were higher in the depth from 500 to 700 m. At the depth ranges of200 to 300 m and 700 to 900 m the catch relatively small in quantity. For the depth 700 to 900 m Beryx splendens caught have bigger average in body size than those from 200 to 300 m (Figure 3). lnd.Fish Res.J. Vol.14 No.2 December-2)08: 7S-82 The evidence that Beryx splendens seems likely to inhabit the area that attributes specific habitat proved by the fish finder that showed the schooling commonly clumped close to the rough seabed, hills, or seamount tips.   From a total of 583 fish sampled from different depth the fork length size of the Alfonsino, Beryx splendens was ranged from 12 to 34 cm ( Figure 5). The distribution of this species with respect to the depth and size revealed that the large size of Beryx splendens were likely to found in the depth stratum of 400 to 500 m while the small size were likely inhabit and found in shallower water column i.e. 300 to 400 m. Fish with length size of <22 cm was likely to inhabit the water column less than 400 m while the bigger fish size >25 cm was likely to found at deeper water column 400 to 600 m ( Figure 5). lf size related to the age this pattern might indicates that there was a shifting behaviour or physiology of the species when they reached a certain size and age.

Sex Ratio and Maturity
Data on sex ratio were recorded from 130 samples. There were 51 samples females (39.23%) while 79 samples males (60.77%) revealed the population was dominated by male ( Figure 6). there were 12 immature, 19 maturing, and 20 mature (Table 2).
It was found that the length of first maturity of the Alfonsinowas Lm = 33 cm, with 95% confidence limits of 31.2 to 34.9 cm total length. The estimation might be considered by the manager of the fishery, that the Alfonsino would be caught bigger than the size of Lm, to ensure the sustainability of the fish stock.

Diet
A total of 40 stomachs were examined for food.
There were more than 75% the stomach of the Alfonsino, Beryx splendens in western of Aceh found filled and upto25% (18)empty (Figure 8).
The most common food items in the Alfonsino stomach were shrimps and small fish and small Ind.Fish Res.J. Vol.14 No.2 December-2)18: [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82] squids. Shrimps occurred in 60% of the stomachs, followed by smal I f ishes ( Myctoph ida e, N e michth y s) 29% and squids 11%. Sergestidae, Sergesfes spp. was common species of the shrimps while commonspecies of the small fishes was C. sloani and Diaphussp. This suggested that Beryx sp/endens is a carnivore fish that mainly prey shrimps and Myctophids. Since the preys were mobile benthopelagic fish might suggested that the Alfonsino, Beryx splendens could be an active and relatively mobile species to search food. Table2. The catch retained in the fish hold is Alfonsino and there were about 49o/o of the total catches was this species. The length size of Alfonsino caught was range from 10 to 40 cm. The length distribution of the catch revealed that theAlfonsino has four age groups represented by the length of groups of approximately 13, 17 ,24, and 32 cm (Figure 9). The trend showed a more wide range of the species length size and gave more cohorts. The figure informed that a substantial decline occurred to the caught of the Alfonsino, Beryx sp/endens for the second and the third trips