Sebaran dan Kontaminasi Logam Berat Nikel (Ni) pada Sedimen di Pesisir Desa Tapuemea dan Tapunggaya, Kabupaten Konawe Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara

Mohammad Afdhal Adidharma, Noverita Dian Takarina, Supriatna Supriatna, Emiyarti Emiyarti, A. Ginong Pratikino

Abstract


Besarnya potensi Nikel di Sulawesi Tenggara berefek pada tingginya aktifitas eksploitasi tambang nikel di wilayah ini, khususnya di Desa Tapuemea dan Tapunggaya, Kecamatan Molawe Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Metode penambangan terbuka (Opet-pit mining) yang digunakan di wilayah ini, menyebabkan masuknya material padat yang membawa unsur logam berat dari daratan ke perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi, sebaran dan tingkat kontaminasi logam berat nikel dalam sedimen di Perairan Desa Tapuemea dan Tapunggaya. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Bulan Maret 2020 di pesisir Desa Tapuemea dan Desa Tapunggaya, Kecamatan Molawe. Sampel sedimen dianalisis menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat nikel dalam sedimen berkisar antara 3,922 hingga 34,08 mgkg-1, dan hasil tersebut dikategorikan cukup tercemar menurut US EPA-2004. Konsentrasi Ni tertinggi berada di dekat area pertambangan dan jetty aktif untuk kegiatan bongkar muat material tambang, dan kemudian konsentrasinya menurun secara linear ke arah timur hingga mencapai konsentrasi terendah di muara sungai. Hasil penilaian tingkat pencemaran indeks geoakumulasi (Igeo) dan faktor kontaminasi (CF) menunjukkan bahwa sampel sedimen berada dalam kisaran tercemar sedang dan tercemar sedang hingga berat.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullah, M. I. C., Sah, A. S. R. M., & Haris, H. (2020). Geoaccumulation Index and Enrichment Factor of Arsenic in Surface Sediment of Bukit Merah Reservoir, Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 31(3), 109-125. https://doi. org/10.21315/tlsr2020.31.3.8

Adibrata, S., Yusuf, M., Irvani, & Firdaus, M. (2021). Contamination of Heavy Metals (Pb and Cu) at Tin Sea Mining Field and Its Impact to Marine Tourism and Fisheries. Indonesian Journal of Marine Science, 26(2), 79-86. https://doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.79-86.

Adidharma, M. A., Emiyarti, & Pratikino, A. G. (2021). Sebaran Logam Berat Nikel (Ni) dalam Air di Perairan Kecamatan Molawe Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Sapa Laut, 6(4), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.33772/jsl.v6i4.21851.

Ahmad, F. (2009). Tingkat Pencemaran Logam Berat dalam Air Laut dan Sedimen di Perairan Pulau Muna, Kabaena, dan Buton Sulawesi Tenggara. Makara Journal of Science, 13(2), 117-124. https://doi.org/10.7454/MSS.V13I2.407.

Al-Asadi, S. A. R., Al-Qurnawi, W. S., Al Hawash A. B., Ghalib, H. B., & Alkhlifa, N. A. A. (2020). Water quality and impacting factors on heavy metals levels in Shatt Al-Arab River, Basra, Iraq. Applied Water Science, 10, 103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-01196-1.

Anshariah, Rachman, C. H., & Budiman, A. A. (2016). Estimasi Sumberdaya Nikel Laterit dengan Metode Inverse Distance Weight pada Kabupaten Konawe Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Geomine, 4(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.33536/JG.V4I1.36.

Ayujawi, S. A., & Takarina, N. D. (2020). Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metal in Avicennia sp. from Blanakan Riparian, Subang, West Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 550, 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/550/1/012008.

Budiyanto, F., & Lestari. (2017). Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal in Sediment of Urban Coastal Waters: A Cas3e Study in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Bulletin of the Marine Geology, 32(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.v32i1.364.

Cervantes-Guerra, Y., Pierra-Conde, A., Rodríguez-Infante, A., Almaguer-Carmenates, Y., Jürgen-Gursky, H., Van-Caneghem, J., & Vandecasteele, C. (2017). Metal accumulation in surface sediment of the urban and industrial coastal area of the municipality of Moa (Cuba): distribution and pollution assessment. Minería y Geología, 33(2), 108-128. https://revista.ismm.edu.cu/index.php/revistamg/article/view/art8_No2_2017.

Darmansyah, K. R., Wulandari, S. Y., Marwoto, J., & Supriyantini, E. (2021). Vertical Profiles of Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn) Heavy Metals of Sediments Cores in Marunda Coast Waters, Jakarta Bay. Jurnal Kelautan Tropis, 23(1), 98-104. https://doi. org/10.14710/jkt.v23i1.5667.

Deniyatno, & Armid. (2022). Status kawasan laut akibat aktivitas pertambangan nikel di Kecamatan Lasolo Kepulauan, Kabupaten Konawe Utara, Sulawesi Tenggara. Pheolite Jurnal Geologi Terapan, 4(2), 123-133. https://doi. org/10.56099/ophiolite.v4i2.37282.

Esshaimi, M., Ouazzani, N., Avila, M., Perez, G., Valiente, M., & Mandi, L. (2012). Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils and Water Resources Kettara Abandoned Mine. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 8(3), 253-261. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2012.253.261.

Gonzalez, H., & Ramirez, M. (1995). The effect of nickel mining and metallurgical activities on the distribution of heavy metals in Levisa Bay, Cuba. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 52(1-2), 183-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(94)00054-F.

Gunes, G. (2022). The change of metal pollution in the water and sediment of the Bartın River in rainy and dry seasons. Environmental Engineering Research, 27(2), 200701. https://doi.org/10.4491/EER.2020.701.

Halawani, R. F., Wilson, M. E., Hamilton, K. M., Aloufi, F. A., Taleb, M. A., Al-Zubieri, A. G., & Quicksall, A. N. (2022). Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Near-Shore Marine Sediments of the Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Region: Enrichment and Associated Risk Indices. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(5), 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050614.

Helfinalis, Edward, Rugebregt, M. J., & Budiyanto, F. (2022). The impact of mining activities on sediment quality in the seafloor around Southeast of Sulawesi. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1118, 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1118/1/012053.

Hindaryani, I. P., Zainuri, M., Rochaddi, B., Wulandari, S. Y., Maslukah, L., Purwanto, & Rifai, A. (2020). Pola Arus Terhadap Sebaran Konsentrasi Nitrat dan Fosfat di Perairan Pantai Mangunharjo, Semarang. Indonesian Journal of Oceanography, 2(4), 313-323. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijoce.v2i4.8528.

Hou, X., Liu, S., Cheng, F., Zhang, Y., Dong, S., Su, X., & Liu, G. (2019). Vegetation community composition along disturbance gradients of four typical open-pit mines in Yunnan Province of southwest China. Land Degradation & Development, 30(4), 437-447. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3234.

Huang, Z., Liu, C., Zhao, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, B. (2020). Risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediment at the drinking water source of the Xiangjiang River in South China. Environmental Science Europe, 32, 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-020-00305-w.

Kabir, M. H., Rashid, M. H., Wang, Q., Wang, W., Lu, S., & Yonemochi, S. (2021). Determination of Heavy Metal Contamination and Pollution Indices of Roadside Dust in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Processes, 9(10), 1732. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9101732.

Kaslan, S., & Saenuddin. (2017). Studi Luasan Terumbu Karang dengan Penginderaan Jauh di Teluk Molawe Kabupaten Konawe Utara, Sebelum, Disaat, dan Setelah Penambangan Nikel di Sekitar Teluk. Biowallacea, 4(2), 585-590. http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/wallacea/article/downloadSuppFile/4231/216.

Konasaranews.com. (2022). Di Blok Mandiodo Cuman Satu Jetty yang Kantongi Izin Kemenhub. https://konasaranews.com/2022/07/31/di-blok-mandiodo-cuman-satu-jetty-yang-lengkap-izin/.

Koščová, M., Hellmer, M., Anyona, S., & Gvozdkova, T. (2018). Geo-Environmental Problems of Open Pit Mining: Classification and Solutions. E3S Web of Conference, 41, 01034. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184101034.

Kusmiana, I., Irawati, & Hasria. (2020). Analisis Kualitas Air Laut di Perairan Teluk Lasolo Kecamatan Molawe Kabupaten Konawe Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Rekayasa Geofisika Indonesia, 2(3), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.56099/jrgi.v2i03.10223.

Li, H., Shi, A., Li, M., & Zhang, X. (2013). Effect of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate of Overlying Water on Heavy Metals Release from Storm Sewer Sediments. Journal of Chemistry, 11-12, 434012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/434012.

Muller, G. (1969). Index of Geoaccumulation in Sediments of the Rhine River. Geojournal, 2, 108–118.

Nasr, S. M., Okbah, M. A., & Kasem, S. M. (2006). Environmental Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Bottom Sediments of Aden Port, Yemen. International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography, 1(1), 99-109. https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/100137.pdf

Pekol, A. (2019). Evaluation and Risk Analysis of Open-Pit Mining Operations. BHM Berg- und Hüttenmännische Monatshefte, 164, 232-236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-019-0854-9.

Perez-Cid, B., Falque, E., & Simal-Gandara, J. (2021). Coastline Levels of Dissolved Heavy Metals in the Estuarine Water–System of Vigo. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042136.

Perumal, K., Antony, J., & Muthuramalingam, S. (2021). Heavy metal pollutants and their spatial distribution in surface sediments from Thondi coast, Palk Bay, South India. Environmental Sciences Europe, 33, 63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00501-2.

Prasetyo, B. E., Supriadi, A., Darmawan, A., Kurniasih, T. N., Kurniawan, F., Oktaviani, K., Isra, A., Aprilia, R., Rabbani, Q., Anggreani, D., & Setiadi, I. (2015). Dampak Pembangunan Smelter di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Pusat Data dan Teknologi Informasi Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral.

Pratiwi, Narendra, B. H., Siregar, C. A., Turjaman, M., Hidayat, A., Rachmat, H. H., Mulyanto, B., Suwardi, Iskandar, Maharani, R., Rayadin, Y., Prayudyaningsih, R., Yuwati, T. W., Prematuri, R., & Susilowati, A. (2021). Managing and Reforesting Degraded Post-Mining Landscape in Indonesia: A Review. Land, 10(6), 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060658.

Pratikino, A. G., Erawan, M. T. F., Subhan, Rahman, A. A., Kolibongso, D., & Wahyudi, A. I. (2022). Distribusi dan Status Kontaminasi Logam Berat pada Sedimen di Pesisir Ranokomea, Kabupaten Bombana, Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Sains dan Inovasi Perikanan, 6(1), 19-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsipi.v6i1.18603.

Sari, F. G. T., Hidayat, D., & Septiani, D. P. (2016). Kajian Kandungan Logam Berat Mangan (Mn) dan Nikel (Ni) pada Sedimen di Pesisir Teluk Lampung. Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, 1(1), 17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960%2Faec.v1i1.2016.p.

Sharifuzzaman, S. M., Rahman, H., Ashekuzzaman, S. M., Islam, M. M., Chowdhury, S. R., & Hossain, M. S. (2016). Heavy Metals Accumulation in Coastal Sediments. In H. Hasegawa, I. M. M. Rahman, & M. A. Rahman. (Eds.), Environmental Remediation Technologies for Metal Contaminated Soils (pp:21-43). Tokyo: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55759-3_2.

Siregar, Y. I., & Edward, J. (2010). Faktor Konsentrasi Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn dalam Sedimen Perairan Pesisir Kota Dumai. Maspari Journal, 1(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.36706/MASPARI.V1I1.1007.

Surbakti, E. P., Iswantari, A., Effendi, H., & Sulistiono. (2021). Distribution of dissolved heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and As in Bojonegara Coastal Waters, Banten Bay. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 744, 012085. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/744/1/012085.

Takarina, N. D., & Pin, T. G. (2017). Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of heavy metals in mangrove trees of Blanakan fish farm. Makara Journal of Science, 21(2), 77-81. https://doi.org/10.7454/mss.v21i2.7308.

Tao, W., Li, H., Peng, X., Zhang, W., Lou, Q., Gong, J., & Ye, J. (2021). Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Seawater and Sediments from Daya Bay (South China): Environmental Fates, Source Apportionment and Ecological Risks. Sustainability, 13, 10237. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810237.

Vidu, R., Matei, E., Predescu, A. M., Alhalaili, B., Pantilimon, C., Tarcea, C., & & Predescu, C. (2020). Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewaters: A Challenge from Current Treatment Methods to Nanotechnology Applications. Toxics, 8(4), 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040101.

Wali, W., Emiyarti, & Afu, L. A. (2020). Kandungan Logam Berat Nikel (Ni) pada Sedimen dan Air di Perairan Desa Tapuemea Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Sapa Laut, 5(1), 37-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsl.v5i1.10952.

Xu, Y., Liao, X., & Guo, B. (2023). Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Water Sediment and Study on Pollution Mechanism—Taking the Weihe River Basin in China as an Example. Processes, 11(2), 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020416.

Yan, H., Zhang, H., Shi, Y., Zhou, P., Li, H., Wu, D., & Liu, L. (2021). Simulation on release of heavy metals Cd and Pb in sediments. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 31(1), 277-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(21)65494-8.

Yang, L., Ma, X., Luan, Z., & Yan, J. (2021). The spatial-temporal evolution of heavy metal accumulation in the offshore sediments along the Shandong Peninsula over the last 100 years: Anthropogenic and natural impacts. Environmental Pollution, 289, 117894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117894.

Yao, Q., Chen, L., Mao, L., Ma, Y., Tian, F., Wang, R., Meng, X., & Li, F. (2022). Co-Effects of Hydrological Conditions and Industrial Activities on the Distribution of Heavy Metal Pollution in Taipu River, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610116.

Yi, Q., & Cheng, H. (2019). Review of heavy metal pollution by mining. E3S Web of Conference, 118, 04028. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911804028.

Zhao, H., Wu, Y., Lan, X., Yang, Y., Wu, X., & Du, L. (2022). Comprehensive assessment of harmful heavy metals in contaminated soil in order to score pollution level. Scientific Reports, 12, 3552. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07602-9.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v18i3.13234

Copyright (c) 2023 Mohammad Afdhal Adidharma, Noverita Dian Takarina, Supriatna Supriatna

Creative Commons License

Copyright of Jurnal Kelautan Nasional (p-ISSN 1907-767X, e-ISSN 2615-4579)

Pusat Riset Kelautan
Badan Riset dan Sumberdaya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan

View My Stats

Index by