Jurnal Kelautan Nasional
PENGEMBANGAN VARIABEL-VARIABEL INDEKS KEPEKAAN EKOLOGI (IKE) BAGI PENGENDALIAN TUMPAHAN MINYAK DI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE
Abstract
Ketepatan suatu indeks dalam menggambarkan kondisi lingkungan sangat ditentukan oleh ketepatan dalam memilih variabel-variabel pembentuknya. Survei pakar internasional telah dilakukan untuk menilai validitas variabel-variabel terpilih dari indeks kepekaan ekologi (IKE) ekosistem mangrove terhadap tumpahan minyak. Variabel-variabel IKE ekosistem mangrove hasil studi literatur dan telah disaring melalui survei pakar internasional adalah sebanyak 26 variabel yang meliputi tipe pasut, rentang pasut, tinggi gelombang, curah hujan, jumlah hari hujan, lama penggenangan pasang, jenis substrat, tipologi mangrove, jenis mangrove, umur flora mangrove, jumlah jenis mangrove, keberadaan flora invasif, kerapatan pohon, kerapatan anakan, kerapatan semai, perbandingan anakan dan pohon, kondisi ekosistem mangrove, jenis fauna, umur fauna, kemampuan gerak fauna, ruang hidup fauna, keberadaan flora mangrove dilindungi, keberadan fauna dilindungi, keberadaan nurshery habitat, keberadaan spawning ground, dan status lindung ekosistem mangrove. Variabel-variabel tersebut mampu mewakili 6 karakteristik ekosistem mangrove. Variabel-variabel yang memiliki rangking yang tertinggi adalah variabel keberadaan nurshery habitat, sedangkan variabel yang memiliki rangking terendah adalah keberadaan flora invasif. Variabel-variabel IKE ekosistem mangrove telah diujicoba di Pesisir Kabupaten Indramayu, dan mendapatkan sebaran IKE ekosistem mangrove tergolong mulai cukup peka sampai peka, dengan sebagian besar tergolong peka.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v11i1.6064
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