Jurnal Kelautan Nasional
HUBUNGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP GANGGUAN KESEHATAN KARANG DI PULAU TUNDA -– BANTEN
Abstract
Kondisi lingkungan dan aktivitas manusia menyebabkan terganggunya ekosistem pesisir khususnya terumbu karang. Gangguan kesehatan dan penyakit pada karang dapat terjadi karena perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Pulau Tunda merupakan pulau terluar yang berbatasandengan Teluk Jakarta dan Teluk Banten diasumsikan mendapatkan tekanan lingkungan dari pembangunan daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji apakah parameter lingkungan memiliki hubungan dengan sebaran gangguan kesehatan karang.Survei lapangandilakukan pada Januari 2014. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode transek sabuk dengan lebar 1 x 1m pada kedalaman berkisar 3 – 5m. Hubungan parameter lingkungan dan kelimpahan penyakit karang dianalisis dengan Principal Components Analysisdan sebaran penyakit karang dianalisis dengan Correspondent Analysis.Dari hasil pengamatan, jenis gangguan yang terdapat pada lokasi pengamatan Pulau Tunda - Banten yaitu pemutihan karang (Full, Patches, dan Stripes) sedangkan gangguan kesehatan lainnya meliputi Cots, fishbite, PR, IG, SP dan SD. Pemutihan karang bentuk Patches merupakan bentuk pemutihan karang yang banyak ditemukan dari seluruh lokasi pengamatan dengan total koloni yang terserang sebanyak 91 koloni. Gangguan kesehatan SP (Spons Over) merupakan gangguan kesehatan yang sedikit (7 koloni) ditemukan pada lokasi pengamatan.Sebaran pemutihan karang memiliki hubungan terhadap salinitas, suhu dan fosfat sedangkan gangguan kesehatan karang SD dan SP memiliki hubungan terhadap konsentrasi nitrat dan silikat.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v11i2.6112
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