BAKTERI ASOSIASI PADA KARANG SCLERACTINIA KAITANNYA DENGAN FENOMENA LA-NINA DI PULAU BUNAKEN

Eghbert Elvan Ampou, Iis Triyulianti, Suciadi C. Nugroho

Abstract


Penelitian tentang karang keras (Scleractinian coral) yang terkontaminasi bakteri relatif masih kurang dilakukan khususnya di perairan Indonesia. Untuk itu dilakukan kegiatan penelitian di Taman Nasional Bunaken pada dua periode yakni Mei 2010 (musim peralihan I)  dan Agustus 2011 (Monsoon II). Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kontaminasi bakteri gram positif (+) dan gram negatif (-). Metode yang dilakukan untuk pengambilan sampel di lapangan adalah time swim dimana menyelam  pada kedalaman 5-10 meter selama kurang lebih 30 menit dan mengambil sampel mucus karang secara acak/random dengan menggunakan siring atau mengambil sampel secara langsung pada karang (fraksi cabang) pada lokasi yang sama. Sampel dianalisis dengan proses isolasi bakteri di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada  Mei 2010 bakteri gram positif lebih mendominasi dari gram negatif, sebaliknya Agustus 2011 bakteri gram negatif yang lebih dominan dari gram positif.  Indikasi faktor penyebab terjadinya bakteri gram positif yang lebih dominan khususnya di tahun 2010  ialah fenomena La-Nina yang terjadi selama periode tersebut. Perubahan suhu rata-rata yang terjadi pada kedua musim tersebut menjadi salah satu faktor yang merangsang pertumbuhan kedua kelompok bakteri ini.  Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut khususnya dalam menentukan jenis bakterinya dan pengambilan sampel pada setiap musim.


Keywords


bakteri, Scleractinian coral, gram positif dan negatif, La-Nina

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkn.v10i2.6157

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