PERSEPSI DAN ADAPTASI PETANI PERIKANAN AIR TAWAR TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI KECAMATAN PADANG JAYA KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA
Abstract
Kerentanan perikanan air tawar terhadap perubahan iklim menjadi salah satu penyebab menurunnya produktivitas usaha. Intensitas curah hujan yang semakin menurun, musim kemarau yang lebih panjang, dan kekeringan menjadikan ketersediaan air yang diperlukan dalam budidaya ikan air tawar semakin sulit. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menganalisis persepsi dan adaptasi yang dilakukan petani perikanan air tawar terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini melibatkan 57 responden yang dipilih dengan simple random sampling dan pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Juli 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar petani merasakan dampak buruk perubahan iklim terhadap usaha perikanan air tawar. Petani membersihkan irigasi secara rutin, mengganti varietas yang lebih tahan pada kondisi musim panas dan menyesuaikan waktu tebar benih dengan kondisi iklim sebagai pilihan adaptasi yang dilakukan. Hasil model logit menunjukkan bahwa umur dan lama berusahatani memengaruhi keputusan petani untuk melakukan adaptasi perubahan iklim dalam usaha perikanan air tawar.
The vulnerability of freshwater fisheries to climate change is one of the causes of declining productivity. The decreasing rainfall intensity, the long dry season, and the drought make the scarcity of water that extremely neededby fishers. This study aims to analyze perceptions and adaptation of freshwater fishery to climate change. A random survey through interviewing 57 farmers was conducted in Padang Jaya District, Bengkulu Province, from May to July 2020. Perceptions were analyzed using an ordinal scale and descriptive analysis while impact factors were analyzed using logit regression. The results showed that most farmers felt the adverse impact of climate change. Farmers clean irrigation regularly, replace varieties of crops that are more resistant to dry season conditions, and adjusting seedling season as an adaptation options. The logit model results showed that age and experience affect farmers’ decision to adapt to climate change in freshwater fisheries.
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