PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN NAPOLEON (Cheilinus undulatus) DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS

Abstract

Saat ini perdagangan ikan napoleon masih dikategorikan sebagai perdagangan ilegal. Agar memenuhi legalitas maka perlu dirumuskan opsi pemanfaatan terbatas yang merubah kode status menjadi Ranching (R), sesuai dengan Management Authority dan ketentuan CITES. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji opsi pengelolaan ikan napoleon di Perairan Kepulauan Anambas dalam upaya memenuhi ketentuan Management Authority dan CITES sehingga terjamin kelestarian biota tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan hasil penelitian/informasi tentang ikan napoleon di sekitar Anambas. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ciri khas perairan kepulauan Anambas adalah kemunculan post larvae dan juvenile ikan napoleon secara periodik dan berkesinambungan di perairan dangkal (daerah nursery ground). Kemunculan benih tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh sebagian nelayan dalam kegiatan pembesaran ikan napoleon (Sistem KJA). Kegiatan perikanan tersebut menguntungkan dengan adanya pasar lokal maupun pasar luar negeri. Oleh karena ikan napoleon masuk dalam daftar biota yang dilindungi, maka diperlukan opsi pembenahan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan terbatas sumberdaya ikan napoleon melalui Sea Ranching dengan CBA (Capture Based of Aquaculture) yang memenuhi konsep sustainability (keberlanjutan), tracebility (keterlacakan) dan legality (legalitas). Kebijakan pengelolaan dan konservasi diarahkan dalam bentuk pemanfaatan terbatas, perlindungan sumberdaya ikan napoleon dan habitatnya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penetapan standarisasi prosedur kegiatan (SOP), penetapan aplikasi pengembangan sea ranching ikan napoleon dan pakan alamiahnya, serta penentuan daya dukung pengembangan sea ranching di perairan Kepulauan Anambas.

At present, the trade in Napoleon fish is still categorized as illegal trade. In order to fulfill the legality, it is necessary to formulate a limited utilization option that changes the status code to Ranching (R), in accordance with the provisions of Management Authority and CITES. This paper aims to examine the management options of Napoleon fish in the Anambas Islands waters in an effort to fulfill the provisions of Management Authority and CITES, so the sustainability of the biota can be guaranteed. The method used is a review of the results of research / information about Napoleon fish around Anambas. The results of the study showed that the characteristic of Anambas Island waters was the occurrence of post larvae and juvenile napoleon fishes periodically and continuously in shallow waters (nursery ground areas). The occurrence of these seeds is used by some fishermen in the napoleon fish enlargement activity (KJA System). The fishery activities are profitable with the presence of local markets and foreign markets. Because Napoleon fish is included in the list of protected biota, it is necessary to revitalize management and limited utilization of Napoleon fish resources through Sea Ranching, one of which is CBA (Capture Based of Aquaculture) by fulfilling the concepts of sustainability, traceability and legality. Management and conservation policies are directed in the form of limited utilization, protection of Napoleon fish resources and their habitats. Therefore, standardization of activity procedures (SOP) is required, application of Napoleon fish sea ranching and natural food development, and carrying capacity determination of sea ranching development in Anambas Islands waters.