KAJIAN TINGKAT EFEKTIFITAS PERIKANAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SECARA BERKELANJUTAN DI PROVINSI BANTEN
Abstract
Efektifitas pengelolaan perikanan harus mempertimbangkan pola produksi dan produktivitas usaha penangkapan. Untuk itu penilaian terhadap efektivitas alat perlu dilakukan untuk menjamin keberlanjutan pengelolaan perikanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Provinsi Banten pada tahun 2018 dengan menggunakan data tahun 2003-2017. Analisis efektivitas penangkapan dengan mengunakan matrik analisis antara produksi dan produktivitas. Dan juga didukung dengan analisis statistik deskriptif terhadap sebaran hasil tangkapan. Hasil penelitian untuk kategori alat tangkap yang lebih efektif adalah Payang, Pukat Cincin, Jaring Insang, dan Bagan Perahu. Payang memiliki tingkat produksi 280.560 kg per tahun dan produktivitas 31.612 ton per tahun, Pukat Cincin memiliki produksi sebesar 517,341 ton per tahun dan produktivitas 44.986 per tahun, dan Jaring Insang pada tingkat produksi sebesar 1074.311 ton per tahun dan produktivitas 9.231 ton per tahun. Alat tangkap yang termasuk kategori tidak efektif adalah Sero, Jaring Udang, Rawai Hanyut dan Perangkap. Program rekonstruksi alat tangkap penting untuk mengurangi kapasitas penangkapan ikan dan meningkatkan ekonomi. Dalam hal ini, penelitian ini belum melibatkan skala ekonomi nelayan dalam aktivitas operasi sehari-hari.
The effectiveness of fisheries management must consider the pattern of production and productivity of fishing businesses. For this reason, an assessment of the effectiveness of the tools needs to be carried out to ensure the sustainability of fisheries management. This research was conducted in Banten Province in 2018 using data from 2003-2017. Fishing effectiveness analysis using a matrix analysis between production and productivity. And also supported by using statistical analysis of the average value and distribution of catches. The results of the research for the more effective categories of fishing gear were Payang, Pure Seine, Gillnet Drift, and Boat Liftnet. Payang has a production rate of 280,560 kg per year and productivity of 31,612 tons per year, Purse seine has a production of 517,341 tons per year and productivity of 44,986 per year, and Gillnet Drift at a production rate of 1074,311 tons per year and productivity of 9,231 tons per year. The fishing gear included in the ineffective category is Sero, Shrimp net, Drifting Rawai and traps. The reconstruction program is important to reduce fishing capacity and improve the economic community. In this case, this study has not involved the economies of scale of fishermen in daily operations.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.12.1.2020.35-46
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