VARIASI UKURAN IKAN LEMURU (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker,1853) SECARA TEMPORAL DAN SPASIAL DI PERAIRAN SELAT BALI

Abstract

Ikan lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) merupakan hasil tangkapan utama alat tangkap pukat cincin di perairan Selat Bali.Sampai saat ini terindikasi bahwa penangkapan ikan lemuru di perairan Selat Bali dilakukan tanpa mengikuti kaidah-kaidah pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan yang benar. Hal itu ditunjukkan dengan masih berlangsungnya penangkapan ikan lemuru berukuran kecil (“sempenit”). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola distribusi ukuran ikan lemuru menurut waktu dan daerah penangkapan. Hasil analisis faktorial koresponden menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 kelompok yang menggambarkan asosiasi antara bulan dan ukuran panjang ikan, yaitu: (1) November 2011 tertangkap ikan berukuran 6,5-8,5 cm; (2) Agustus 2010 dan Juli 2011tertangkap ikan berukuran: 9,5-10,5 cm; (3) September 2010 dan Maret 2011 tertangkap ikan berukuran: 11,5-13,5 cm; (4) Oktober 2010 serta Februari, Agustus dan Desember 2011 tertangkap ikan berukuran: 14,5 cm; (5) November-Desember 2010 serta Januari, April, September-Oktober 2011 tertangkap ikan berukuran: 15,5-19,5 cm. Meskipun bulannya sama ternyata ukuran ikan lemuru yang tertangkap berbeda. Ikan lemuru berukuran kecil umumnya menyebar di bagian utara perairan, sedangkan ikan yang berukuran lebih besar terdapat di bagian tengah dan selatan perairan Selat Bali. Pengetahuan tentang pola penyebaran ukuran lemuru berdasarkan lokasi dan waktu dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk melakukan pengelolaan perikanan lemuru terutama apabila diterapkannya opsi pengelolaan dengan melakukan penutupan musim penangkapan di wilayah bagian utara perairan Selat Bali.

Bali sardinella or lemuru (Sardinella lemuru) is the main target catch of purse seine fishery in Bali Strait waters. The lemuru fishing activities is still existing without any regulation of fisheries resources management, so farthis is indicated that the fishes of small size of fish (called “sempenit)were tended to be caught dominantly by purse seine. This study aims to determine the size distribution pattern of lemuru based on time and fishing ground in the Bali Strait. The result of correspondence factorial analysis showsthat there were 5 groups that describe the association between month and length of fish, i.e.: (1) November 2011 caught fish sized:6,5-8,5 cm; (2) August 2010 and July 2011caught fish sized: 9,5-10,5 cm; (3) September 2010 and March 2011caught fish sized: 11,5-13,5 cm; (4) Oktober 2010 and also February, August and December 2011caught fish sized: 14,5 cm; and (5) November-December 2010 also January, April, September-October 2011caught fish sized: 15,5-19,5 cm. Those result indicated that the size of fish caught by purse seine was different eventhough in same month fishing activities. Small size of fish caught abudantly in the northern part of Bali Strait waters mainly on August-September 2010 also February-March, July and November 2011, while large size lemuru more abundant in the middle and southern areas.This knowledge on the distribution pattern could be used for appropriate fisheries management measure of lemuru, especially for implementation of management option on closedfishing season in the northern part area of Bali Strait waters.