UNREPORTED HASIL TANGKAPAN PADA PERIKANAN PANCING TONDA DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA PALABUHANRATU
Abstract
Data hasil tangkapan di hampir semua perikanan di dunia terindikasi tidak tepat atau salah dalam pelaporan, misreported, termasuk di Indonesia. Penelitian identifikasi dan kuantifikasi besaran serta faktor-faktor penyebab ketidaktepatan pelaporan pada perikanan pancing tonda dilakukan melalui analisis data pendaratan selama 10 tahun terakhir dan dengan melakukan sampling kepada 30 kapten kapal pancing tonda di PPN Palabuhanratu. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa potensi misreported terjadi dari hasil tangkapan yang tidak dilaporkan karena digunakan sebagai umpan, dikonsumsi di atas kapal, sebagai jatah ABK, upah pada saat bongkar muatan serta hasil tangkapan lain yang tidak terlaporkan. Hasil rekonstruksi data menunjukkan bahwa data hasil tangkapan armada pancing tonda di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Palabuhanratu terindikasi misreported sebesar 46,52 – 228,02 ton/tahun atau mencapai 11,7 – 28,8% per tahun pada periode tahun 2012-2022 di bawah tangkapan yang sebenarnya. Secara tidak langsung, ketidaktepatan dalam pelaporan hasil tangkapan dapat berimplikasi pada tidak akuratnya data statistik perikanan, sehingga merubah pendekatan pengelolaan serta penilaian terhadap perikanan tersebut, baik secara ekonomi maupun sosial. Diperlukan perbaikan sistem pendataan dengan melakukan identifikasi dan kuantifikasi adanya potensi misreported khususnya pada data produksi hasil tangkapan.
The catch data in almost all fisheries in the world is indicated to be inaccurate or misreported, including in Indonesia, one of which is the troll line fishery in Palabuhanratu Fishing Port. To identify and quantify the magnitude and factors causing misreport in troll line fishery, a study was conducted by analyzing landing data for the last ten years and sampling 30 troll line skippers. The study's results have identified several factors that cause misreported catch data: unreported catch, fish used as bait, consumed on board, crew share, and unloading fee. The analysis results show that the catch data of the troll line in Palabuhanratu Fishing Port are indicated to be misreported at 46.52 - 228.02 tons/year o, reaching 11.7 - 28.8% in the period 2012-2022 below the actual catch. Indirectly, inaccuracy in reporting catch data can have implications for inaccurate fisheries statistics, thus changing the management approach and assessment of the fishery both economically and socially. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the data collection system by identifying and quantifying the potential for misreported, especially in catch production data.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.28.2.2022.51-60
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