SELEKTIVITAS JARING INSANG DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN TEKNIS TERHADAP POPULASI IKAN OSKAR (Amphilophus citrinellus, GÜNTHER, 1864) DI DANAU BATUR, BALI
Abstract
Ikan oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus, Günther, 1864) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan asing yang hidup di perairan Danau Batur, Bali. Spesies ikan ini telah diketahui memiliki potensi invasif di beberapa ekosistem perairan di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui selektivitas jaring insang dalam rangka melakukan tindakan pengendalian populasi ikan oskar di Danau Batur. Pengambilan contoh ikan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2017-Juni 2018 dengan rentang waktu pengambilan contoh ikan selama 3 bulan. menggunakan jaring insang dengan berbagai ukuran mata jaring: 0,5, 1,0, 1,5, 2,0, 2,5, dan 3,0 inci. Contoh ikan oskar yang berhasil tertangkap sebanyak 307 ekor. berukuran panjang total berkisar antara 65-199 mm dengan bobot antara 4,8-143,3 gram. Pola pertumbuhan ikan oskar yang tertangkap di Danau Batur adalah alometrik positif dengan kondisi ikan dalam kondisi yang baik (Kn= 0,79-1,39). Jaring insang yang paling banyak menangkap ikan oskar berukuran mata jaring 1,5 dan 2,0 inci. Ukuran panjang total ikan oskar di Danau Batur dengan kemungkinan berhasil tertangkap hingga 100% pada ukuran mata jaring 1,5 dan 2,0 inci adalah 10.58 mm dan 14.11 mm. Faktor selektifitas untuk ukuran mata jaring tersebut adalah 2,78.
Midas cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus, Günther, 1864) is one of the alien fish that lives in Batur Lake, Bali. This species has been known to have invasive potential in several aquatic ecosystems in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to determine the selectivity of gill nets to control the population of midas cichlid in Batur Lake. Fish sampling was carried out during October 2017-June 2018 with a span of 3 months. Experimental gillnet with mesh size 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 inches were used to catch midas cichlid. The total midas cichlid caught were 307 fish individuals. The results of this research found that the total length of midas cichlid ranged from 65-199 mm with a weight between 4.8-143.3 gram. The growth pattern was allometric positive and the condition factor of this species was in good condition (Kn= 0.79-1.39). The mesh sizes that catch the most midas cichlid are 1.5 and 2 inches. The total length of the midas cichlid in Lake Batur with a 100% probability of being caught in 1.5 and 2.0 inches are 10.58 mm and 14.11 mm, respectively. The selectivity factor for that mesh size was 2.78.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Akter, Y., Hosen, M. H. A., Miah, M. I., Ahmed, Z. F., Chhanda, M. S., & Shahriar, S. I. M. (2019). Impact of gonad weight on the length-weight relationships of river catfish (Clupisoma garua) in Bangladesh. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 45(4), 375-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2019.10.00.
Amin, M. H. F., Hayati, A., Darmanto, W., & Pramudya, M. (2019). DNA barcoding of invasive freshwater fish reveals two species of amphilophus from two dams in Brantas Stream, East Java, Indonesia. Ecology, Environment and Conservation. 25(7), S141-S145.
Ariasari, A., Helmiati, S., & Setyobudi, E. (2018). Food preference of red devil (Amphilophus labiatus) in the Sermo Reservoir, Kulon Progo Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 139(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/139/1/012018.
Bagley, J. C., Matamoros, W. A., McMahan, C. D., Tobler, M., Chakrabarty, P., & Johnson, J. B. (2016). Phylogeography and species delimitation in convict cichlids (Cichlidae: Amatitlania): implications for taxonomy and Plio–Pleistocene evolutionary history in Central America. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 120(1), 155-170. https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12845.
Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 22(4), 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x.
Giannetto, D., Carosi, A., Ghetti, L., Pompei, L., Viali, P., & Lorenzoni, M. (2014). Size selectivity of gill-nets and growth of roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) an alien species in Piediluco Lake (Italy). Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems. 413, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2014001.
Habibie, S. A., Djumanto, & Murwantoko. (2018). Polikromatik, dimorfisme seksual, dan redeskripsi spesies ikan red devil, Amphilophus amarillo [Stauffer & McKaye, 2002] di Waduk Sermo Yogyakarta. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia. 18(1), 69-86. https://doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i1.375.
Hamid, M. A., Mansor, M., & Nor, S. A. M. (2015). Length-weight relationship and condition factor of fish populations in Temengor Reservoir: Indication of environmental health. Sains Malaysiana. 44(1), 61-66. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2015-4401-09.
Haubrock, P. J., Criado, A., Monteoliva, A. P., Monteoliva, J. A., Santiago, T., Inghilesi, A. F., & Tricarico, E. (2018). Control and eradication efforts of aquatic alien fish species in Lake Caicedo Yuso-Arreo. Management of Biological Invasions. 9(3), 267-278. https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2018.9.3.09.
Hossain, M. Y. (2010). Morphometric relationships of length-weight and length-length of four cyprinid small indigenous fish species from the Padma River (NW Bangladesh). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 10, 131-134. doi: 10.4194/trjfas.2010.0118.
Ighwela, K. A., Ahmed, A. B., & Abol-Munafi, A. B. (2011). Condition factor as an indicator of growth and feeding intensity of nile tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus) feed on different levels of maltose. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci. 11(4), 559-563.
Juliawan, I. W., Arthana, I. W., & Suryaningtyas, E. W. (2020). Sebaran pola pertumbuhan ikan red devil (Amphilophus sp.) di Kawasan Danau Batur, Bali. Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment. 20(2), 40-49. https://doi.org/10.24843/blje.2020.v20.i02.p05.
Khan, M. F., & Panikkar, P. (2009). Assessment of impacts of invasive fishes on the food web structure and ecosystem properties of a tropical reservoir in India. Ecological Modelling. 220(18), 2281-2290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.05.020.
Klingenberg, C. P., Barluenga, M., & Meyer, A. (2003). Body shape variation in cichlid fishes of the Amphilophus citrinellus species complex. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 80(3), 397-408. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00246.x.
Kottelat, M., Whitten, A. J., Kartikasari, S. N., & Wirjoatmodjo, S. (1993). Freshwater Fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Peripus Edition.
Kratochwil, C. F., Sefton, M. M., & Meyer, A. (2015). Embryonic and larval development in the Midas cichlid fish species flock (Amphilophus spp.): A new evo-devo model for the investigation of adaptive novelties and species differences evolutionary developmental biology. BMC Developmental Biology. 15(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12861-015-0061-1.
Mon, E. E., Swe, T., Zin, P. P., Dwe, K. L. (2020). Length-weight relationship, condition factor and sex ratio of tade mullet (Liza tade Forsskal, 1775) from Mawlamyine, Mon State, Myanmar. Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology. 9(4), 107-112. https://doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2020.09.00285.
Montes de Oca, G. A. R., & Dabrowski, K. (2015). Growth and body composition of midas (Amphilophus citrinellus) and nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in duoculture. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias. 28, 155-164. doi: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v28n3a6.
Muschick, M., Barluenga, M., Salzburger, W., & Meyer, A. (2011). Adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the midas cichlid fish pharyngeal jaw and its relevance in adaptive radiation. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11(1), 116-128. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-116.
Ohee, H. L., Sujarta, P., Surbakti, S. B., & Barclay, H. (2018). Rapid expansion and biodiversity impacts of the red devil cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus, Günther 1864) in Lake Sentani, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 19(6), 2096-2103. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190615.
Oldfield, R. G. (2011). Gonad development in midas cichlids and the evolution of sex change in fishes. Evolution and Development. 13(4), 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2011.00490.x.
Önsoy, B., Tarkan, A. S., Filiz, H., & Bilge, G. (2011). Determination of the best length measurement of fish. North-Western Journal of Zoology. 7(1), 178-180.
Parawangsa, I. N. Y., Tampubolon, P. A. R. P., & Pertami, N. D. (2021). Karakter panjang, hubungan panjang-bobot dan kondisi ikan nyalian buluh (Rasbora argyrotaenia Bleeker, 1849) di Catur Danu Bali. Bawal. 13(1), 45-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.13.1.2021.45-55.
Purnamaningtyas, S. E., & Tjahjo, D. W. H. (2017). Beberapa aspek biologi ikan oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus) di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda, Jatiluhur, Jawa Barat. Bawal. 3(1), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.15578/bawal.3.1.2010.9-16.
Rodríguez-Barreras, R., Zapata-Arroyo, C., Falcón L, W., & Olmeda, M. D. L. (2020). An island invaded by exotics: A review of freshwater fish in Puerto Rico. Neotropical Biodiversity. 6(1), 42-59.
Sánchez-González, J. R., & Casals, F. (2022). Gillnet selectivity for three freshwater alien invasive fish species in a long-term monitoring scenario. Hydrobiology. 1(2), 232-242. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrobiology1020017.
Sentosa, A. A., & Wijaya, D. (2012). Struktur komunitas ikan introduksi di Danau Batur, Bali. Berita Biologi. 11(1), 329-337.
Sentosa, A. A., & Hedianto, D. A. (2020). Gillnets selectivity and effectivity for controlling invasive fish species in Lake Matano, South Sulawesi. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 535(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/535/1/012039.
Supardi, U.S. (2013). Aplikasi Statistika dalam Penelitian (p.436). Ed rev. Jakarta: Change Publication.
Sparre, P. & S.C. Venema. (1999). (In Indonesian). Introduction to Tropical Fish Stock Assesment (p.438). Part 1: Manual. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan. Jakarta.
Tampubolon, P. A. R. P., Rahardjo, M. F., & Krismono. (2012). Pertumbuhan ikan oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus, Günther 1864) di Waduk Ir H. Djuanda, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia. 12(2), 195-202.
Tampubolon, P. A. R. P., Rahardjo, M. F., & Krismono. (2015a). Aspek reproduksi ikan oskar (Amphilophus citrinellus Günther, 1864) di Waduk Ir H. Djuanda, Jawa Barat. Bawal. 7(2), 67-75. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.7.2.2015.67-75
Tampubolon, P. A. R. P., Pradana, I. H., & Warsa, A. (2015b). Determining monofilament gillnet optimum mesh size to mitigate Amphilophus citrinellus population outbreaks in ir.h.djuanda reservoir. Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal. 21(2), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.21.2.2015.67-74.
Umar, C., Kartamihardja, E. S., & Aisyah. (2015). dampak invasif ikan red devil (Amphilophus citrinellus) terhadap keanekaragaman ikan di perairan umum daratan di Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia. 7(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.7.1.2015.55-61.
Warsa, A., & Purnomo, K. (2013). Selektivitas jaring insang monofilamen dan aspek biologi ikan oscar (Amphilopus citrinellus) di Situ Panjalu, Ciamis. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia. 19(2), 65-72. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.19.2.2013.65-72
Widiyanto, A. T., Pramonowibowo, & Setiyanto, I. (2016). Pengaruh perbedaan ukuran mesh size dan hanging ratio serta lama perendaman jaring insang (gill net) terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan red devil (Amphilophus labiatus) di Waduk Sermo, Kulonprogo. Journal of Fisheries Resources Utilization Management and Technology. 5(2), 19-26.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.28.2.2022.%25p
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
