DINAMIKA PERIKANAN TUNA DI PERAIRAN PRIGI SELATAN JAWA TIMUR

Abstract

Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Prigi merupakan pelabuhan bagi kapal penangkap ikan tuna dan ikan pelagis lain berskala kecil. Terdapat 3 (tiga) jenis alat penangkap ikan pelagis besar yaitu pancing tonda, pukat cincin dan jaring insang.Usaha perikanan tuna memiliki peranan penting dalam peningkatan ekonomi nelayan khususnya di perairan selatan Jawa, sehingga diperlukan upaya optimalisasi pendapatan nelayan khususnya tonda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika perkembangan armada, alat tangkap, produksi, daerah penangkapan, laju tangkap (CPUE) dan indeks musim penangkapan (IMP) ikan tuna. Data statistik dianalisis dari PPN Prigi pada periode 2005-2013 dan hasil pengamatan langsung di lapangan. Kontribusi hasil tangkapan untuk masing-masing jenis alat tangkap selama 9 tahun terakhir adalah  pancing tonda sebesar 27,17%, pukat cincin: 57,67% dan gillnet: 15,16%.  Hasil tangkapan tuna di perairan Samudera Hindia selatan Prigi relatif berfluktuasi, tertinggi terjadi peride 2005 dan terendah periode 2007. Daerah Penangkapan Ikan (DPI) bagi nelayan mengoperasikan pukat cincin  di area 08º-09ºLS dan 111º-113ºBT, sedang  DPI  tonda di area 08º-10ºLS dan 110º-113ºBT. Indeks musim penangkapan (IMP) ikan tuna di perairan Prigi tercatat tinggi (nilai ideks di atas 100%) terjadi pada April sampai Oktober berkisar antara 113,28% dan 128,93%.

Prigi Fishing Port is a harbour for landing artisanal fishing boats. There are 3 types of fishing gear for catching tuna such as trolling, purse seiner and gill nets. Tuna fisheries had been an economical role of business for the local fishermen, therefore, should have optimization to trolling fishermen’s especially at southern coast of Java. These study to investigate development of fleets, kind of fishing gears, fishing ground, the Catch per Unit of Effort (CPUE) and the fishing season indexes of tuna.  Statistically data collected from The Prigi Fishing Port in period of 2005-2013 and also directed from field observation. Catch percentage for each type of fishing gear during 9 years recorded as following: trolling line: 27,17%, purse seine:  57,67% and gillnet 15,16%. Catch of tuna landed at Prigi fishing port was fluctuated, the highest catch recorded in 2005 and the lowest one recorded in 2007. Fishing area for  purse seines layed at 08º - 09ºS and 111º - 113ºE, and for trolling at 08º -10ºS and 110º - 113ºE. The high fishing season index of tuna at Prigi waters occurred during April to October varied with value index between 105,48% and 128,93%.