SEBARAN UKURAN DAN BEBERAPA PARAMETER POPULASI HIU KARET (Prionace glauca Linnaeus, 1758) YANG TERTANGKAP DI PERAIRAN SELATAN NUSA TENGGARA
Abstract
Hiu karet (Prionace glauca) adalah hiu pelagis yang menjadi target tangkapan nelayan artisanal Tanjung Luar dan umumnya tertangkap di Samudera Hindia Selatan Nusa Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran ukuran dan beberapa parameter populasi hiu karet (Prionace glauca) yang tertangkap di perairan selatan Nusa Tenggara. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 1.414 ekor hiu karet yang tertangkap rawai hanyut di selatan Nusa Tenggara dan didaratkan di Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur selama periode 2014 – 2016. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan beberapa parameter populasi diduga menurut rumus empiris Froese & Binohlan (2000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran ukuran panjang total hiu karet berkisar antara 95 – 383 cm (jantan) dan 113 – 333 cm (betina) dengan rerata ukuran yang tertangkap tidak berbeda nyata. Nisbah kelamin didominasi oleh hiu karet jantan dan telah matang kelamin. Dugaan terhadap beberapa parameter adalah: nilai L∞ antara 333,02 - 385,59 cm dengan Lm jantan antara 187,21 – 215 cm dan betina 139,82 – 159,34 cm. Sebanyak 39,96 – 44,71% hiu karet tertangkap pada panjang optimumnya sehingga ada kecenderungan tangkap lebih.
The blue shark (Prionace glauca) is targeted pelagic shark of artisanal fishermen of Tanjung Luar and commonly caught from the southern part of Nusa Tenggara water. The research aims to determine the size distribution and some population parameters of blue shark (Prionace glauca) caught in the Southern part of Nusa Tenggara water. The analysis was performed on 1,414 blue sharks caught by drifting longlines in the Southern part of Nusa Tenggara water and landed at Tanjung Luar, East Lombok during the period 2014 - 2016. The data were analyzed descriptively and some parameters of the population were calculated by the empirical formula from Froese & Binohlan (2000). The results showed that the length total size distribution of blue sharks ranged between 95-383 cm (male) and 113-333 cm (females). The sex ratio was dominated by male shark. The estimation of population parameters of shark were L∞ ranged between 333.02 - 385.59 cm, Lm estimated ranged between 187.21 to 215 cm (male) and from 139.82 to 159.34 cm (female). About 39.96 to 44.71% of total sample was caught at its optimum length, so it tends to be over exploitation.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.23.2.2017.67-76
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