ASPEK BIOLOGI, DINAMIKA POPULASI DAN KEPADATAN STOK UDANG JERBUNG (Penaeus merguiensis de Man, 1888) DI HABITAT ASUHAN ESTUARIA SEGARA ANAKAN, CILACAP
Abstract
Estuaria Segara Anakan merupakan habitat asuhan utama udang jerbung (Penaeus merguiensis de Man, 1888). Informasi mengenai status stok sumberdaya udang jerbung di estuaria Segara Anakan sangat penting untuk penerapan pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi tentang aspek biologi, dinamika populasi dan kepadatan stok udang jerbung. Sampling dilakukan dengan metode survei pada musim timur dan musim peralihan II pada tahun 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan udang jerbung bersifat allometrik negatif. Nisbah kelamin udang jerbung tidak seimbang, populasi udang betina lebih besar dibandingkan populasi udang jantan. Udang jerbung mempunyai rata-rata ukuran panjang pertama kali tertangkap (Lc)=17,15 mmCL, laju pertumbuhan (K)=1,47/tahun, panjang yang dapat dicapai (L”)=44,6 mmCL, laju kematian alami (M)=1,34/tahun, laju kematian karena penangkapan (F)=2,37/tahun dan laju pemanfaatan (E)=0,64. Laju tangkap udang jerbung pada musim timur 269 gr./jam dan pada musim peralihan II 186 gr/jam. Kepadatan stok udang jerbung pada musim timur adalah 22.634 gr/km2 dan pada musim peralihan II sebagai 13.253 gr/km2. Agar sumber daya udang di estuaria Segara Anakan terjaga kelestariannya, maka perlu dilakukan pengaturan ukuran mata jaring/peningkatan selektifitas alat, mengurangi intensitas penangkapan dan perbaikan kondisi lingkungan.
Segara Anakan estuary is an primary nursery habitat of banana prawn (Penaeus merguiensis de Man, 1888). Stock status information of banana prawn resources in Segara Anakan estuary is essential for the application of sustainable management. The objective of this research is to obtain data and information about biological aspect, population dynamics and stock density of banana prawn. Sampling was conducted by survey method on east monsoon and the second intermonsoon in 2013. The result of research shows that the growth pattern of banana prawn was allometric negative. Sex ratio of banana prawn was unbalanced, female population greater than males population. Banana prawn has a length at first capture (Lc)=17,15 mmCL, growth rate (K) = 1.47/year, natural mortality rate (M) = 1.34/year, fishing mortality rate (F) = 2.37/year and the rate of exploitation (E) = 0.64. Catch rate of banana prawn in the east monsoon season was 269 gr./hours and in the second intermonsoon season was 186 gr/ hr. Stock density of banana prawn in east monsoon season was 22634 gr/km2 and in the second intermonsoon was 13253 gr/km2. For the sustainability banana prawn resources in the Segara Anakan estuary it is necessary to regulate mesh size of the net to increase the gear selectivity, reducing the fishing intensity and improving environmental conditions.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.24.2.2018.127-136
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