PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL PER PENAMBAHAN BARU DAN RASIO POTENSI PEMIJAHAN IKAN KAKAP MERAH (Lutjanus malabaricus Schneider, 1801) DI PERAIRAN SINJAI DAN SEKITARNYA
Abstract
Pengusahaan ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus malabaricus Schneider, 1801) sebagai salah satu bisnis perikanan utama di Sinjai memerlukan informasi tingkat pemanfaatan sebagai dasar dalam merumuskan pengelolaan yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan, hasil per penambahan baru dan estimasi rasio potensi pemijahan ikan kakap merah di perairan Sinjai dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari – November 2016 dengan pengukuran sampel ikan dilakukan oleh enumerator di Sinjai. Analisis hasil per penambahan baru menggunakan metode Beverton & Holt dan analisis rasio potensi pemijahan menggunakan metode berbasis panjang (Length Based SPR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan kakap merah memiliki panjang asimptotik 77,3 cm dan laju pertumbuhan 0,293 tahun-1. Tingkat pemanfaatan (E) sebesar 0,35 dan upaya penangkapan (F) lebih kecil dari titik acuan (Fcur=0,25; Fmax=1,2; F0,1=0,9) pada ukuran rata-rata pertama tertangkap (Lc) sebesar 38,1 cm, menunjukkan upaya penangkapan mendekati optimum dan masih dapat dikembangkan. Estimasi rasio pemijahan sebesar 51% pada panjang rata-rata 48,17 cm TL lebih besar dari titik referensi minimum ikan kakap sebesar 26%. Pengelolaan yang disarankan berdasarkan penelitian ini adalah upaya pengusahaan kakap merah dapat dikembangkan hingga 30% dari upaya saat ini dengan diikuti oleh pengaturan ukuran ikan tertangkap lebih besar dari ukuran pertama kali memijah yaitu sebesar 45 cm.
Red snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus Schneider, 1801) fishing as one of the main fisheries business in Sinjai need information on exploitation level as basis for formulating proper management. The aims of this research were to study growth, yield per recruit and spawning potential ratio (SPR) of red snapper in Sinjai and adjacent waters. This research was conducted in January – November 2016 and fish samples were measured by enumerator. Yield per recruit analysis used Beverton & Holt method and spawning potential ratio analysis used length based SPR. The results showed that the asymptotic length was 77,3 cm and the growth parameter of red snapper was 0,293 year-1. Exploitation rate (E) was 0,35 and fishing effort (F) less than reference point (Fcur=0,25,;Fmax=1,2 ; F0,1=0,9) on size at first captured (Lc) 38,1 cm, indicating fishing effort has closed to optimum and can be developed. Spawning potential ratio was 51%, with 48,17 cmTL of mean size, larger than limit reference point that was 26%. Recommended management measures based on this research were that fishing effort of red snapper can be increased until 30% from current effort followed by size regulation to catch above size at first matured at 45 cm.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.1.1.2018.1-10
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