DINAMIKA POPULASI DAN TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN CUMI-CUMI JAMAK (Photololigo duvaucelii Orbigny, 1848) DI TELUK JAKARTA
Abstract
Pemanfaatan cumi-cumi di Teluk Jakarta terus meningkat dilakukan secara artisanal. Untuk mendukung pengelolaan cumi-cumi di Teluk Jakarta, penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data dan informasi mengenai dinamika populasi dan tingkat pemanfaatan cumi-cumi. Data diperoleh melalui sampling secara acak, enumerasi, observasi dan penelusuran data sekunder yang dilakukan di Cilincing-DKI Jakarta dan Cituis-Tangerang tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cumi-cumi jamak (Photololigo duvaucelii) di Teluk Jakarta mempunyai rerata panjang mantel 8,3 cm dengan berat 24,9 gr dan pertumbuhan alometrik negatif. Nisbah kelamin jantan betina 1:1,1. Persentase gonad matang tertinggi teramati pada Maret sebesar 76,82 %. Rata-rata panjang mantel pertama tertangkap (Lc)= 8,19 cm dan rata-rata ukuran panjang mantel pertama matang gonad (Lm) =9,7 cm. Panjang mantel asimtotis (L) = 19,43 cm dan laju pertumbuhan (K) = 1,2/tahun. Laju kematian total (Z) cukup tinggi yaitu 6,2 /tahun, laju kematian alami (M) = 2,3/tahun) dan laju eksploitasi (E)= 0,63/tahun. Alat tangkap utama adalah cantrang, jaring apolo dan arad dengan kontribusi cumi-cumi jamak hasil tangkapan masing-masing 4,02 %, 13,07 % dan 3,07 %. Hasil tangkapan per unit upaya (CPUE) pada unit penangkapan cantrang, tertinggi terjadi pada Maret yaitu 15 kg/trip/hari. Puncak musim penangkapan terjadi pada bulan Juni.
The exploitation of sguid in the Jakarta bay has improved intensity by artisanal fisheries. This research aims to obtain data and information on population dynamics and exploitation rate to support the management of squid resources in Jakarta Bay. Data obtained through random sampling, enumeration, observation and secondary data tracing conducted in landing site; Cilincing-DKI Jakarta and Cituis-Tangerang in 2016. The results of the study of Indian squid (Photololigo duvaucelii) in the Jakarta Bay showed have a mean mantle length of 8.3 cm, weight of 24.9 g and negative allometric growth. The sex ratio of males 1 and females 1.1. The highest prosentase of mature gonad in March was 76.82%. The mantle length of the first catch (Lc)= 8.19 cm and the mantle length of the first gonad maturity (Lm) = 9.7 cm. Asymptotic mantle length (L) = 19.43 cm and growth rate (K) = 1.2/year. High total mortality rate (Z) = 6.2/year, natural mortality rate (M) = 2.3/year and exploitation rate (E) = 0.63/year. The main fishing gear are danish seine, mini trawl and shrimp trawl with indian squid contributions each other are 4.02 %, 13.07% and 3.07%. The highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) of danish seine unit occurred in March 15 kg/trip/day, the peak of the fishing season in June.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.26.4.2020.233-246
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