UJI LABORATORIUM KESESUAIAN UKURAN CELAH PELOLOSAN PADA BUBU LIPAT TERHADAP TINGKAT PELOLOSAN RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus)
Abstract
Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting yang ditangkap dengan alat tangkap pasif, seperti bubu lipat. Penggunaan celah pelolosan pada bubu diharapkan mampu memenuhi ukuran rajungan yang diperbolehkan untuk ditangkap sebagaimana yang tertulis pada Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan 12/2020 (lebar karapas >10 cm). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ukuran celah pelolosan yang sesuai untuk meloloskan rajungan dengan lebar karapas 10 cm serta mampu menahan rajungan dengan lebar karapas >10 cm. Sebanyak 30 ekor rajungan dengan lebar karapas 9-10,8 cm diuji cobakan terhadap tiga ukuran celah pelolosan yang berbeda (4,6 x 2,6 cm; 5 x 3 cm; dan 7 x 2,5 cm), dengan tiga kali ulangan. Uji coba dilaksanakan di laboratorium pada bulan Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan tingkat pelolosan rajungan pada ketiga ukuran celah pelolosan. Meski demikian, ukuran 4,6 x 2,6 cm diyakini merupakan ukuran yang paling efektif karena mampu meloloskan rajungan dengan lebar karapas 10 cm (46,9%), serta paling bagus dalam menahan rajungan dengan lebar karapas >10 cm tetap berada di dalam bubu. Percobaan lapang terhadap ukuran celah pelolosan ini pada beberapa perairan diperlukan untuk mengkonfirmasi penggunaannya pada perikanan rajungan.
The blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus, BSC) is one of fishery commodities caught by passive gears, such as collapsible traps. The use of escape-vent on traps was supposed to comply with the legal size of BSC’s catch declared in the Ministerial Decree 12/2020 (i.e. >10 cm of carapace width). To determine an appropriate escape-vent size which is able to release BSC of 10 cm Carapace Width (CW) and to retain BSC of > 10 cm CW, 30 samples of BSC were tested on three different sizes of escape-vent (4.6 x 2.6 cm; 5 x 3 cm; and 7 x 2.5 cm) with three replications of each size. The results show that there was no significant difference of BSC’s escape rate among the escape-vent sizes. However, the size of 4.6 x 2.6 cm was assumed as the most effective escape-vent as it could release BSC of 10 cm CW (46.9%), and best to retain BSC of >10 cm CW inside the trap compared to other sizes. Field investigation might be needed to confirm the effect of the appropriate escape-vent size of collapsible trap on BSC fishery.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.26.3.2020.159-166
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