KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN KARANG DAN KONDISI KESEHATAN KARANG DI PULAU GOF KECIL DAN YEP NABI KEPULAUAN RAJA AMPAT
Abstract
Terumbu karang merupakan suatu ekosistem yang mendukung kondisi produktivitas suatu perairan laut. Kondisi stok dan produksi ikan karang sangat bergantung kepada habitatnya atau ekosistem terumbu karang. Untuk melindungi kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang diperlukan tindakan konservasi sumberdaya ikan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi kesehatan terumbu karang dalam kaitannya dengan keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang. Aspek yang diteliti meliputi persentase tutupan karang, komposisi dan keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang di Pulau Gof Kecil dan Yep Nabi, Kepulauan Raja Ampat. Persentase tutupan karang dihitung dengan metoda Life Form Transek (Line Intercept Transec) sedangkan komposisi dan keanekaragaman jenis ikan karang dianalisis dengan metoda Census Visual (Visual Census). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa persentase tutupan karang di Pulau Gof Kecil 28,17% (kondisi rusak) dan di Pulau Yep Nabi 63,43 % (kondisi baik). Jenis ikan karang terdiri dari 15 famili (kelompok ikan mayor 3 famili, ikan target 11 famili dan ikan indikator 1 famili). Keanekaragaman jenis ikan di Pulau Gof Kecil dan Pulau Yep Nabi menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang dengan jumlah individu tiap jenis relatif sama dan tidak ada jenis ikan yang mendominasi. Hal ini disebabkan tekanan terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang dan komunitas ikan karang tidak terlalu intensif.
Coral reef is the most important ecosystem to support marine productivity. Stock and productivity of coral reef fishes depend on coral reef ecosystem healthy. A study aimed to investigate the coral reef condition and their fish biodiversity has been conducted at Gof Kecil and Yep Nabi Islands of Raja Ampat Islands. Some aspects studied were the coverage of coral reef, species composition and biodiversity of reef fishes. Line Intercept Transec method was used to study the live coral reef coverage and the Visual Census method was used to investigate the species composition and biodiversity of reef fishes. The results showed that the coral reef coverage of Gof Kecil Island was 28,17% its mean in bad condition while of Yep Nabi island was 63,43% or in good condition. There are 15 families of reef fishes were found (3 families of major group species, 11 families of target group species and 1 family of indicator group species). The diversity of coral reef fishes of Gof Kecil Island and Yep Nabi Island were relatively same and there is no species dominated due to pressure on the coral reef and reef fishes community was not intensive.
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.18.2.2012.109-115
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