KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN RESPONS FISIOLOGIS BENIH IKAN TAMBRA, Tor tambroides PADA SUHU PEMELIHARAAN BERBEDA

Abstract

Variasi suhu air memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan fisiologi organisme ektotermal secara langsung, termasuk ikan. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suhu air pemeliharaan terhadap performa pertumbuhan dan respons fisiologis benih Tor tambroides. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), terdiri atas empat perlakuan suhu berbeda (24°C, 26°C, 28°C, dan 30°C) dan tiga ulangan. Benih Tor tambroides (panjang total 4,18 ± 0,32 cm; bobot tubuh 0,66 ± 0,03 g) sebanyak 15 ekor dipelihara per akuarium (dimensi 40 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm; volume air 40 L) dilengkapi dengan sistem aerasi dilengkapi dengan heater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu air pemeliharaan berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan (pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik, sintasan) dan respons fisiologi (kadar hemoglobin) benih Tor tambroides. Perlakuan dengan suhu 28°C pada benih Tor tambroides menghasilkan bobot tubuh mutlak (1,01 ± 0,30 g) dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik bobot tertinggi (3,18 ± 0,14% hari-1), sintasan (99,37 ± 1,25%), dan rasio konversi pakan (FCR) terendah (0,94 ± 0,04). Kadar hemoglobin dan hematokrit tertinggi pada suhu pemeliharaan 30°C. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa suhu air pada 28°C merupakan suhu efisien untuk pemeliharaan benih Tor tambroides.

Water temperature directly affects the growth and physiology of ectothermic organisms, including fish. Hence, the experiment was conducted to study the effect of temperature variation on growth performance and physiological response of Tor tambroides juveniles. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four temperature treatments (24°C, 26°C, 28°C, and 30°C) arranged in triplicates. There were 15 Tor tambroides juveniles (total length 4.18 ± 0.32 cm; body weight 0.66 ± 0.03 g) reared in each aquarium (dimensions 40 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm; water volume 40 L) equipped with an aeration system and a heater. The results showed that different rearing water temperatures had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth performance (absolute growth, specific growth rate, and survival rate) and the physiological response (hemoglobin value) of the Tor tambroides fingerlings. Tor tambroides fingerlings reared with temperature setting at 28°C showed the highest absolute body weight (1.01 ± 0.30 g) and highest specific growth rate of weight (3.18 ± 0.14% day-1), survival rate (99.37 ± 1.25%), and the lowest FCR (0.94 ± 0.04). The highest hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of the juveniles were found at 30°C. The study showed that the water temperature at 28°C was effective for rearing Tor tambroides fingerlings.