PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA MERAH, Oreochromis niloticus PADA SISTEM BIOFLOK DENGAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN PAKAN YANG BERBEDA
Abstract
Ikan nila merupakan ikan budidaya yang disukai oleh masyarakat karena dagingnya yang gurih dan lezat. Untuk peningkatkan produksi ikan nila diperlukan pakan yang cukup, baik kualitas maupun kuantitasnya. Pakan merupakan komponen biaya operasional utama pada budidaya ikan nila yang diperkirakan mencapai 40%-60%. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diperlukan teknologi yang dapat menekan biaya operasional dalam sistem budidaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi frekuensi pemberian pakan yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan sintasan ikan nila merah (Oreochromis niloticus) yang dipelihara dengan sistem bioflok. Metode yang diterapkan adalah eksperimen dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah frekuensi pemberian pakan pelet yaitu (A) 1 kali/hari, (B) 2 kali/hari, 3 kali/hari, dan 4 kali/hari. Ikan nila ukuran 3,71 ± 0,11 cm dan bobot 4,49 ± 0,021 g dipelihara selama 56 hari dalam bak 100 L dengan padat tebar 16 ekor/bak. Ikan dipelihara dengan teknologi bioflok dan diberikan pakan setiap harinya sebanyak 5%/berat biomasa/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemeliharaan ikan nila merah pada sistem bioflok dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap performa pertumbuhan, sintasan, dan efisensi pakan. Perlakuan frekuensi pemberiaan pakan 2 kali/hari merupakan perlakuan terbaik menghasilkan pertumbuhan bobot mutlak 23,07 ± 0,89 g; laju pertumbuhan harian 3,23 ± 0,05%; sintasan 91,66 ± 3,60%; dan efisensi pakan 96,73 ± 6,70%.
Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a cultured fish that is favored by the public, because of its delicious meat and high protein content. To increase production, quality, and quantity of feed is needed, feed is the main component in the cultivation system and it is estimated that 40%-60% of the costs incurred in maintaining tilapia are needed. To overcome this, technology is needed that can reduce operational costs in fish culture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth and survival of red tilapia with different feeding frequencies reared with a biofloc system. The research method applied was experimental with four treatments and three replications. The treatment was the frequency of feeding, namely (A) 1 time/day, (B) 2 times/day, 3 times/day, and 4 times/day. Tilapia were reared for 56 days in a 100 L tank with a stocking density of 16 fish/tank. Initial size 3.71 ± 0.11 cm and weight 4.49 ± 0.021. Tilapia are reared with biofloc technology and given daily feed of 5%/weight of biomass/day. The results showed that rearing red tilapia with different feeding frequencies in the biofloc system had a significant effect (P<0.05) on growth performance, survival, and feed efficiency. Treatment B with a frequency of feeding 2 times/day was the best, with absolute growthof 23.07 ± 0.89 g, daily growth rate of 3.23 ± 0.05%, survival rate 91.66 ± 3.60%, and feed efficiency 96.73 ± 6.70%.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.17.1.2022.15-21
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