POTENSI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT SEBAGAI PROBIOTIK PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DALAM MENGHADAPI PENYAKIT BERCAK MERAH
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan tiga isolat bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dari usus ikan repang (Puntioplites waandersi), dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan ketahanan benih ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) terhadap infeksi Aeromonas hydrophila. Benih ikan nila sebanyak 10 ekor dengan berat rata-rata 3,38 ± 0,09 g dipelihara dalam akuarium volume 30 L serta diberi Enterococcus faecalis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, dan Lactococcus lactis dengan dosis 0.1 mL g-1 pakan dengan konsentrasi 106 CFU mL-1 dan larutan phosphate buffer saline sebagai kontrol, secara ad satiation sebanyak tiga kali sehari selama 14 hari, perlakuan diberikan pada pagi hari. Pada hari ke-15, ikan diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila pada konsentrasi 106 CFU mL-1 secara injeksi intramuscular dengan dosis 0,1 mL kemudian dipelihara hingga hari ke-21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian BAL berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan meliputi pertumbuhan berat sebesar 7,12-7,47 g; laju pertumbuhan spesifik sebesar 3,61-3,73 % hari-1, rata-rata pertumbuhan harian sebesar 1,80-1,93 g hari-1. Aktivitas fagositik berkisar antara 24,44-67,78%; jumlah bakteri patogen dalam darah ikan nila pada hari ke-20 lebih rendah dibanding kontrol, yaitu berkisar 0,44-0,51x104 CFU mL-1 dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup berkisar antara 86,67-93,33%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, BAL berpotensi sebagai probiotik dalam budidaya ikan nila dalam mengendalikan penyakit bercak merah.
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of three isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the intestines of Repang fish (Puntioplites waandersi) in increasing the growth performance and resistance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Ten tilapia seeds with an average weight of 3.38 ± 0.09 g were reared in an aquarium with a volume of 30 L and given Enterococcus faecalis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Lactococcus lactis at a dose of 0.1 mL g-1 feed with a concentration of 106 CFU mL-1 and phosphate buffer saline as a control, ad satiation three times a day for 14 days, the treatment was given in the morning. On the 15th day, the fish were challenged with A. hydrophila at a concentration of 106 CFU mL-1 by intramuscular injection at a dose of 0.1 mL and then maintained until the 21st day. The results showed that BAL significantly affected the fish’s growth performance, including weight growth of 7.12-7.47 g, specific growth rate of 3.61-3.73 % day-1, average daily growth of 1.80-1.93 g day-1. Phagocytic activity ranged from 24.44-67.78%; the number of pathogenic bacteria in the blood of tilapia on the 20th day was lower than the control, which ranged from 0.44-0.51x104 CFU mL-1, and the survival rate ranged from 86.67-93.33%. Based on these results, LAB has the potential as a probiotic in tilapia aquaculture in controlling red spot disease.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.17.4.2022.205-214
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