STUDI EFISIENSI ASIMILASI DAN KECERNAAN LIMBAH ORGANIK PADAT TAMBAK UDANG SEBAGAI PAKAN TERIPANG PASIR
Abstract
Laju pertumbuhan teripang pasir yang relatif lambat dan kurangnya informasi mengenai pakan yang baik menyebabkan intensifikasi budidaya teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra) kurang berkembang. Berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan limbah organik padat tambak udang sebagai pakan teripang pasir, uji efisiensi asimilasi dan kecernaan penting dilakukan untuk memastikan kemanfaatan riil material organik tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi asimilasi dan kecernaan limbah sedimen tambak udang sebagai sumber nutrisi teripang pasir. Pemanfaatan limbah organik padat tambak udang sebagai pakan teripang pasir dilakukan dengan cara dicampurkan ke dalam pasir dengan komposisi 40% dari total substrat. Penelitian menggunakan delapan unit akuarium berukuran 40 x 30 x 40 cm3, yaitu empat unit untuk uji efisiensi asimilasi dan empat unit lainnya digunakan untuk uji kecernaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan teripang pasir dapat memperoleh nutrisi dan energi dari sedimen tambak udang, dimana kemampuan tersebut ditunjukkan dengan nilai efisiensi asimilasi (AE) bahan organik sebesar 53,20 ± 13,23%, efisiensi asimilasi bakteri total sebesar 41,76 ± 1,69%, kecernaan total sebesar 46,63 ± 17,57%, kecernaan protein sebesar 71,52 ± 17,11%, dan kecernaan fosfor 73,32 ± 13,83%. Kemampuan tersebut mengofirmasi teripang pasir sebagai salah satu spesies ekstraktif yang dapat mengonsumsi limbah organik padat tambak udang. Teripang pasir berpotensi besar untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai spesies Budidaya Multi-Tropik Terpadu, khususnya dalam pemanfaatan nutrisi limbah organik padat tambak udang.
The relatively slow growth rate of sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) and limited numbers of alternative feed have prevented the development and intensification of sea cucumber aquaculture. Anecdotal evidences suggested that solid organic waste from shrimp ponds could be used as feed for sea cucumbers. However, the efficiency of assimilation and digestibility of the waste have to be tested scientifically to ensure its real potential and benefits to farmed sea cucumber. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of assimilation and digestibility of solid organic waste sourced from shrimp ponds to be used as a feed for sea cucumber. The solid organic waste was treated by mixing it with a sand substrate at 40% of the total substrate. This study used eight aquarium units measuring 40 x 30 x 40 cm3, from which, four units for assimilation efficiency tests, and the remaining four for digestibility tests. The results of this study indicate that sea cucumbers were able to make use of nutrients and energy from the shrimp solid waste-based feed, where this ability was indicated by the assimilation efficiency (AE) of organic matter of 53.20 ± 13.23%, the assimilation efficiency of total bacteria of 41.76 ± 1.69 %, total digestibility of 46.63 ± 17.57%, protein digestibility of 71.52 ± 17.11%, and phosphorus digestibility of 73.32 ± 13.83%. The findings from this research confirms that sea cucumber can use the solid organic waste nutrients from shrimp ponds as feed and has a great potential as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture species to utilize solid organic waste nutrients from shrimp ponds.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.18.1.2023.15-26
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