KERAGAAN WARNA DAN GENOTIPE CALON INDUK (F0) IKAN CLOWN (Amphiprion sp.) STRAIN BLACK PERCULA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji keragaan fenotipe warna tubuh dan genotipe calon induk (F0) ikan clown (Amphiprion sp.) strain black percula.  Sebanyak 36 ekor calon induk ikan clown black percula diperoleh dari populasi budidaya Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut (BPBL) Ambon yang memiliki persentase penutupan hitam tinggi.  Warna dianalisis dengan teknik analisis gambar digital menggunakan software ImageJ 1.50f.  Gambar digital didokumentasikan menggunakan kamera Canon EOS 600D.  Keragaan warna diamati menurut pola, persentase penutupan, dan jenis (profil) warna digital.  Konversi nilai mean Red (R), mean Green (G), dan mean Blue (B) menjadi nilai mean Hue (H), mean Saturation (S), dan mean Brightness (B) dilakukan dengan bantuan Color Picker (Foreground Color) pada software Adobe Photoshop versi 12.0 x64.  Keragaan genotipe dianalisis dengan teknik RAPD.  Heterozigositas dan persentase polimorfisme dikalkulasi menggunakan software TFPGA.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa calon induk ikan black percula generasi F0 memiliki pola warna yang bervariasi dengan persentase penutupan warna hitam berkisar 47-63%.  Jenis warna digital hitam dikarakterisasi oleh nilai H: 240-20º, S: 4-48%, B: 10-26%; putih (H: 0-300º, S: 1-7%, B: 48-69%); dan oranye (H: 15-25º, S: 73-91%, B: 40-64%).  Analisis RAPD menunjukkan bahwa primer OPA18 menghasilkan 3 fragmen (berukuran 600-3000 bp); OPZ 9 sebanyak 5 fragmen (berukuran 500-2500 bp); dan OPZ 5 sebanyak 3 fragmen (berukuran 400-3000 bp).  Heterozigositas dan persentase polimorfisme termasuk cukup tinggi, yakni 0,3060 dan 88%.  Untuk mendapatkan strain warna black percula yang diinginkan, tahap seleksi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk meningkatkan persentase penutupan warna hitam serta memperoleh pola warna putih unik.

[Color and genotype performance of black percula strain clown fish (Amphiprion sp.) broodstock (F0). By Ruby Vidia Kusumah, Anjang Bangun Prasetio, Eni Kusrini, Erma Primanita Hayuningtyas and Sawung Cindelaras]  Our research aimed to assess the performance of body color and genotype of black percula strain of clownfish (Amphiprion sp.) broodstock F0.  A total of 36 samples of the black percula clown was obtained from the Institute for Mariculture (BPBL) Ambon which has the high percentage of black cover.  Color analysis was performed using digital image analysis using ImageJ 1.50f.  Digital images of broodstock was documented using Canon EOS 600D.  Performance of color observed according to patterns, percentage of color coverage and type of (profile) digital color.  Conversion value of mean Red (R), mean Green (G), and mean Blue (B) was done by Color Picker (Foreground Color) in Adobe Photoshop software version 12.0 x64.  Genotypes performance analyzed with RAPD method.  Heterozygosity and the degree of polymorphism was calculated by TFPGA software.  The results showed that the broodstock of black percula has varies of the color patterns with the percentage cover of black color ranges from 47-63%.  Digital color of black profile was characterized by H: 240-20º, S: 4-48%, B: 10-26%; white (H: 0-300º, S: 1-7%, B: 48-69%); and orange (H: 15-25º, S: 73-91%, B: 40-64%).  RAPD analysis showed that primer OPA18 produced 3 fragments (600-3000bp size), OPZ 9 produced 5 fragments (500-2500bp size), and OPZ 5 produced 3 fragments (400-3000bp size). Heterozygosity and polymorphism were high as 0,3060 and 88%. In order to obtain desired color strain of black percula, further selection process is necessary to increase the percentage of black color coverage and white color which is unique.