PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN MIKROALGA Chaetoceros ceratosporum DAN Nannochloropsis oculata MENGGUNAKAN STRAIN BAKTERI TERSELEKSI PADA KULTUR SKALA TERKONTROL
Abstract
Sejalan dengan peningkatan produksi budidaya perikanan, maka diperlukan intensifikasi produksi benih ikan atau udang. Di antara permasalahan yang dihadapi pembenih adalah ketersedian pakan alami (microalgae) yang memadai dan kontinu baik kualitas maupun kuantitas selama pemeliharaan larva. Upaya meningkatkan produksi mikroalga melalui pendekatan hubungan koeksistensi dan pemacuan pertumbuhan dengan memanfaatkan peran bakteri yang menguntungkan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan dan mengetahui efektivitas strain bakteri terseleksi yang mempunyai kemampuan menstimulasi pertumbuhan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan mikroalga pada kultur skala terkontrol. Pada penelitian ini digunakan mikroalga Chaetoceros ceratosporum dan Nannochloropsis oculata. Bakteri yang berasosiasi dalam kultur tersebut diisolasi, dilakukan screening, uji aktivitas sintesis enzimatik, karakterisasi, identifikasi, kultur, dan re-inokulasi pada kultur mikroalga. Hasil yang diperoleh ada tujuh isolat bakteri dari C. ceratosporum dan delapan isolat dari N. oculata. Hasil uji aktivitas sintesis enzimatis ternyata hanya ada satu strain (kode CC-22) pada C. ceratosporum dan dua strain pada N. oculata (kode NN-5 dan NN-6) yang potensial menunjukkan peran stimulasi pertumbuhan mikroalga. Dengan pendekatan karakterisasi molekuler menggunakan 16SrRNA maka diperoleh Marinobacter vinifirmus CC22, Alteromonas sp. NN-5, dan Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclastic NN-6. Dari tiga strain bakteri yang terisolasi nampaknya hanya Marinobacter vinifirmus CC22 dan Alteromonas sp. NN-5 yang mempunyai sifat dapat memacu pertumbuhan C. ceratosporum sebesar 1,76 kali (176 %) dan N. oculata sebesar 1,56 kali (156 %) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kedua strain bakteri ini menunjukkan potensi untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas mikroalga serta berpeluang sebagai probiotic agent untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan C. ceratosporum dan N. oculata.
The intensification of fish and shrimp seed production is necessitated to support the ever growing global aquaculture production. One of the problems faced by most hatcheries is the unavailability of high quality and stable supply of live feed (microalgae) required during larval rearing. Efforts to increase microalgae production through a coexistence relationship approach and promoting growth by utilizing the role of beneficial bacteria need to be carried out. The aims of this study were to obtain and determine the effectiveness of selected bacterial strains that have the ability to stimulate microalgae growth in controlled culture environments. In this study, the microalgae Chaetoceros ceratosporum and Nannochloropsis oculata were used. Bacteria associated in the culture were isolated, screened, tested for enzymatic synthesis activity, characterization, identification, culture, and re-inoculation on microalgal cultures. The results obtained were seven bacterial isolates from C. ceratosporum and eight isolates from N. oculata. The results of the enzymatic synthesis activity test showed that there was only one strain (code CC-22) in C. ceratosporum and two strains in N. oculata (codes NN-5 and NN-6) which potentially showed a role in stimulating microalgae growth. With a molecular characterization approach using 16SrRNA, Marinobacter vinifirmus CC22, Alteromonas sp. NN-5, and Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclastic NN-6. From the three isolated bacterial strains, it appeared that only Marinobacter vinifirmus CC22 and Alteromonas sp. NN-5 had the property of being able to stimulate the growth of C. ceratosporum by 1.76 times (176%) and N. oculata by 1.56 times (156%) compared to the control. These two bacterial strains showed the potential to increase the quantity and quality of microalgae and had the opportunity to act as probiotic agents to stimulate the growth of C. ceratosporum and N. oculata.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.19.2.2024.141-155
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