PENGARUH KADAR TRIPTOPAN PAKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN SINTASAN KRABLET KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla serrata SELAMA MASA PENDEDERAN
Abstract
Kepiting bakau bersifat kanibal dan cenderung memiliki laju pertumbuhan yang lambat ketika diberi pakan buatan. Triptopan adalah salah satu asam amino esensial untuk pertumbuhan dan merupakan prekursor pembentukan serotonin yang dapat mengontrol sifat agresif pada beberapa vertebrata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum triptopan pakan terhadap pertumbuhan dan sintasan krablet selama masa pendederan. Empat dosis penambahan L-triptopan dalam pakan yaitu: 0% (A); 0,25% (B); 0,5% (C); dan 1,0% (D) dengan kadar triptopan dalam pakan berturut-turut 0,41%; 0,52%; 0,67%; dan 0,96%; serta kontrol berupa pakan rebon kering (E) yang mengandung triptopan sebanyak 0,79%. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah krablet kepiting bakau berumur 3-5 hari sejak memasuki stadia krablet. Krablet dipelihara dalam bak fiber berukuran 1,0 m x 1,0 m x 0,5 m sebanyak 15 unit dengan kepadatan masing-masing 50 ekor/m2. Selama lima minggu pemeliharaan, krablet diberi pakan uji sebanyak 30%-15%/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krablet yang diberi pakan mengandung triptopan 0,67% menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan tertinggi dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan krablet yang diberi pakan mengandung triptopan 0,41%. Rasio efisiensi protein tertinggi juga didapatkan pada krablet yang diberi pakan mengandung triptopan 0,67% dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan krablet yang diberi pakan rebon. Sintasan, konsumsi pakan harian, rasio konversi pakan, dan komposisi proksimat total tubuh krablet relatif sama di antara perlakuan, meskipun ada kecenderungan terbaik pada krablet yang diberi pakan mengandung 0,67% triptopan.
The main constrain in mud crab culture is high cannibalism which are triggered by several factors such as limited space, lack of feed and large size variation. Mud crab also has relative slow growth when fed artificial diet. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid for growth and precursor of serotonin which can control natural aggressiveness in vertebrates. This study was conducted to obtain optimum level of tryptophan in diet for mud crab during nursery. Four test diets were formulated to contain different levels of supplemental L-tryptophan at: 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and as the control diet was dried mysid, so the tryptophan levels of the test diets were 0.41% (A), 0.52% (B), 0.67% (C), 0.96% (D), and 0.79% (mysid, E) respectively. Crablets (3-5 days post-methamorphosis) with average initial weight of 0.039 g were randomly distributed into 15 of 1.0 m x 1.0 m x 0.5 m fibre glass tank with density of 50 ind./tank. The crablets were fed daily the test diets at 30% to15% of biomass. After five weeks feeding trial, crablet fed the diet containing 0.67% of tryptophan had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gain compared to crablet fed diet containing 0.41% of tryptophan. Highest protein efficiency ratio was also obtained in crablet fed the diet containing 0.67% of tryptophan and significantly different (P<0.05) with crablet fed dried mysid (control). Final carapace width, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the treatments.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.11.3.2016.259-269
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