AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI PENYEBAB VIBRIOSIS TERHADAP UDANG WINDU DARI EKSTRAK HERBAL MANGROVE Sonneratia alba DAN Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak herbal mangrove Sonneratia alba dan Bruguiera gymnorrhiza terhadap penyebab penyakit vibriosis pada udang windu. Daun mangrove S. alba dan B. gymnorrhiza masing-masing diambil dari Kabupaten Maros dan Pangkep. Sampel daun dikering-anginkan selama dua minggu, ditepungkan, diekstraksi dengan metanol 80%, dan dievaporasi. Rendemen yang diperoleh dipartisi menggunakan dua jenis pelarut yaitu butanol dan dietileter. Uji bioassay dilakukan baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif melalui penentuan minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) dan minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak mangrove S. alba dan B. gymnorrhiza lebih tinggi terhadap V. parahemolyticus dibanding V. harveyi. Fraksi dietileter dan ekstrak metanol S. alba, serta fraksi butanol B. gymnorrhiza memiliki antibakteri yang tergolong kuat. Ekstrak metanol S. alba bersifat toksik terhadap benur udang windu pada konsentrasi di atas 2.000 mg/L.

The experiment was aimed to examine the activity of anti-bacterial of mangrove herbs Sonneratia alba and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza extract on tiger shrimp. Mangroves leaf of S. alba and B. gymnorrhiza were taken from Maros and Pangkep Regency. Mangrove leaves dried aired approximately two weeks, made into flour, extracted using 80% metanol, and evaporated. Yield were then partitioned using two types of solvents are butanol and dietileter. Bioassay test both qualytatively and quantitatively by determination of minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results showed that the anti-bacterial activity mangrove extract of S. alba and B. gymnorrhiza higher in V. parahemolyticus compared against V. harveyi. Dietileter fraction and the metanol extract of S. alba and buthanol fraction of B. gymnorrhiza have strongly as anti-bacterial. The methanol extract of S. alba will be toxic to black tiger shrimp fry at concentrations above of 2,000 mg/L.