Penapisan Bakteri yang Diisolasi dari Tambak Udang sebagai Kandidat Probiotik pada Budi daya Udang Windu, Penaeus monodon

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan bakteri probiotik untuk budi daya udang windu P. monodon. Penelitian meliputi beberapa tahapan yaitu (1) isolasi bakteri dari tambak udang; (2) uji daya hambat terhadap Vibrio  harveyi; (3) karakterisasi secara fisiologi dan biokimia; (4) pertumbuhan bakteri pada beberapa konsentrasi NaCl; (5) pertumbuhan bakteri pada beberapa tingkat salinitas; (6) uji patogenisitas bakteri terhadap pascalarva udang windu; (7) uji tantang dengan V. harveyi dalam wadah pemeliharaan pascalarva udang windu; dan (8) analisis gen 16S-rRNA bakteri yang diisolasi dari tambak. Sedikitnya 14 isolat dari 2.228 isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari tambak, potensial dijadikan probiotik pada budi daya udang windu. Sintasan udang windu tertinggi pada perlakuan yang menggunakan isolat BN2067. Isolat BT950 dan BT95 paling potensial menghambat pertumbuhan V. harveyi baik secara In vitro maupun In vivo. Hasil analisis gen 16Sr-RNA menunjukkan bahwa BT950 dan BT951 termasuk dalam kelompok Brevibacillus sp., sedangkan BN2067 termasuk dalam kelompok Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6 chr.

This experiment was aimed for finding-out probiotic bacteria on tiger shrimp P. monodon culture. The research included several steps i.e. 1) isolation of bacteria from tiger shrimp pond; 2) inhibition test of  bacteria against V. harveyi; 3) biochemical and physiological characterization; 4) growth of bacteria at different concentration of NaCl; (5) growth of bacteria at different salinities; (6) pathogenicity test of bacteria to tiger shrimp post larvae, (7) challenge test of bacteria against V. harveyi in tiger shrimp culture media; (8) 16S-rRNA gene analysis of  bacteria isolated from shrimp pond. Fourteen isolates of 2,228 isolates of bacteria isolated from tiger shrimp pond were potential for probiotic bacteria on tiger shrimp culture. The highest survival rate of tiger shrimp was obtained from those treated with BN2067 isolate. The potential isolates to inhibit V. harveyi both In vivo and In vitro assay were BT950 and BT951. Based on 16S-rRNA gene analysis, BT950 and BT951 isolates are considered to be Brevibacillus laterosporus, while BN2067 is considered to be Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6 chr.