HUBUNGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TAMBAK DENGAN KERAGAMAN FITOPLANKTON DI SULAWESI SELATAN

Abstract

Studi telah dilakukan pada tambak-tambak di Kabupaten Bulukumba, Jeneponto, Maros, Pinrang, dan Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan bertujuan menelaah hubungan produktivitas tambak dengan keragaman fitoplankton serta analisis kualitas air dan tanah untuk mendukung pengelolaan tambak berkelanjutan. Pengambilan sampel fitoplankton, air, dan tanah pada lokasi yang representatif di kawasan tambak. Fitoplankton dikoleksi menggunakan plankton net no. 25. Sampel fitoplankton dipekatkan menjadi 10 mL kemudian diawetkan dalam larutan MAF. Identifikasi fitoplankton menggunakan mikroskop yang berpedoman pada buku identifikasi plankton dan perhitungannya menggunakan metode counting cell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan fitoplankton berkisar dari 455—1.476 ind./L dan jumlah genus berkisar dari 8—14 genera. Berdasarkan indeks keragaman fitoplankton di Kabupaten Bulukumba, Jeneponto, Maros, Pinrang, dan Takalar tergolong kedalam kondisi stabil moderat. Keseragaman fitoplankton di Kabupaten Maros, Pinrang, dan Takalar lebih merata dibandingkan dengan Kabupaten Bulukumba dan Jeneponto. Peningkatan keragaman fitoplankton cenderung diikuti oleh peningkatan produktivitas tambak.

This study was conducted in the brackishwater pond of Bulukumba, Jeneponto, Maros, Pinrang, and Takalar Regencies of  South Sulawesi. The aims of this research were to study relationship between productivity of brackishwater pond and phytoplankton diversity and also analyse soil and water qualities to support management of sustainable brackishwater pond. Simple random sampling was applied to phytoplankton, water and soil samples representative of brackishwater pond. Plankton net no. 25 was used to plankton collection then it was preserved in MAF solution. Phytoplankton were identified using microscope and counting cell method. Result of this research each station showed that phytoplankton abundance was 455—1,475 ind./L while genus number was 8—14 genera. The diversity indices of all station were moderately stable while ivenness indices of Maros, Pinrang, and Takalar more spread than Jeneponto and Bulukumba. The increasing of phytoplankton diversity in the water seem to influence the increasing of brackishwater pond productivity.