KARAKTERISTIK GENETIK ENAM POPULASI IKAN NILEM (Osteochilus hasselti) DI JAWA BARAT

Abstract

Penelitian karakteristik genetik populasi ikan nilem, Osteochilus hasselti di Jawa Barat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data base sebagai langkah awal dalam melaksanakan program pemuliaan guna mempertahankan dan meningkatkan produksi dari ikan nilem di Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan identifikasi genetik ikan nilem menggunakan metode RAPD dan menelusuri keragaman intra dan inter-populasi ikan nilem, Osteochilus hasselti di sentra budidaya yang terdapat di daerah Jawa Barat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, populasi Sumedang secara genetis memiliki keragaman paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan populasi lainnya serta alel spesifik yang tidak ditemukan pada populasi lain (1.100 bp). Sedangkan Sukabumi memiliki keragaman genetik dan jumlah alel yang paling rendah. Hubungan inter-populasi ikan nilem hijau di Jawa Barat tidak berbeda nyata di mana jarak genetik enam populasi ikan nilem tersebut berkisar antara 0,0153-0,1392.

Research on genetic variation was done to conduct breeding program as the effort to maintain and increase the production of nilem carp fish at West Java. The aim of this study was to identify nilem carp genetically and to estimate the variation of the intra and inter population of nilem carp fish from West Java using RAPD methods. The result showed that Sumedang population had the highest genetic variation and had specific allele that cannot be found at other population (1,100 bp). But in contrast Sukabumi population had the lowest genetic variation and allele number. The inter- population relationship among fish from West Java were not significantly different. Genetic distance among population were between 0.0153-0.1392.