KARAKTERISASI MORFOLOGI KETURUNAN PERTAMA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) GET DAN GIFT BERDASARKAN METODE TRUSS MORPHOMETRICS

Abstract

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi karakter morfometrik dan variasi morfologi ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) keturunan pertama populasi GET dan GIFT telah dilaksanakan di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar, Bogor. Tujuh famili nila GET dan dua famili nila GIFT, dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing 30 ekor (15 jantan dan 15 betina) dievaluasi menggunakan metode truss morfometrik pada empat bagian tubuhnya. Dari 21 karakter truss yang diukur, terdapat delapan karakter yang dapat dipakai untuk membedakan kesembilan famili yang dievaluasi. Nilai sharing komponen dalam famili tertinggi adalah pada famili GET 18C (86,7) dan terendah pada famili 18A (43,3) serta 09C (43,3), sedangkan nilai sharing komponen antar famili tertinggi diperoleh antara famili GET 18A dengan famili GIFT 10 dengan nilai 40,0. Berdasarkan kluster dendrogram jarak genetik dengan tingkat kemiripan 70% didapatkan tiga kelompok yang berbeda secara morfologi. Kelompok 3 terutama famili GET 09C adalah famili tersendiri dan terpisah dari famili lainnya. Jarak genetik terbesar adalah antara famili GET 09C dengan famili GET 18C dengan nilai 0,026; sedangkan jarak genetik terkecil terdapat di antara famili GIFT 10 dengan famili GET 18A dengan nilai 0,001.

Research aimed at elucidating morphological character and variation between GET and GIFT nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) have been conducted at Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture, Bogor. Seven GET and two GIFT nile tilapia families, which consisted of 30 individu in each family (15 males and 15 females), were measured using truss morphometrics methods on four main part of their body. There were eight morphometrics characters can be used to differentiate the nine families, from 21 characters used. The highest within family sharing component was founded at GET 18C (86.7), whereas the lowest one was at 18A (43.3) and 09C (43.3). The highest between family sharing component was between GET 18A and GIFT 10 (40.0). Based on genetic distance cluster dendrogram (with degree of similarity 70%), there were three separated groups has been classified. Group 3rd, especially GET 09C was far isolated from other families. The highest genetic distance was between GET 09C and GET 18C (0.026), while the lowest one was between GIFT 10 and GET 18A (0.001).