TEKNOLOGI PEMELIHARAAN LARVA KERAPU SUNU (Plectropomus leopardus) SECARA MASSAL
Abstract
Teknologi produksi benih kerapu sunu (Plectropomus leopardus) melalui perbaikan pengelolaan pakan dan lingkungan terus dipacu guna meningkatkan sintasan dan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan benih secara kontinyu. Dalam pemeliharaan larva, jenis pakan awal yang sesuai merupakan faktor penentu keberhasilan. Pakan alami jenis rotifer, gonad tiram (trochophore), emulsi kuning telur, dan juga pakan buatan yang dilarutkan telah dicoba dalam penelitian ini sebagai pakan awal. Penelitian menggunakan wadah bak beton berkapasitas 6 m3 (12 bak) yang diisi telur kerapu sunu dengan kepadatan 100.000—150.000 butir/bak. Penebaran telur dilakukan secara bertahap pada masing-masing bak sesuai dengan jumlah telur yang tersedia. Nauplii artemia, pakan buatan, dan udang jembret (mysid) diberikan sesuai dengan perkembangan larva dimulai pada umur 20 hari (D20) hingga mencapai fase yuwana/ benih (D45). Pengamatan terhadap laju tumbuh dan sintasan larva dilakukan setelah penelitian berakhir. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan analisis proksimat, asam lemak pakan, dan abnormalitas tulang belakang larva (deformity) serta kualitas air diamati sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pakan buatan yang dilarutkan dan emulsi kuning telur sebagai pakan awal, ternyata mampu memacu pertumbuhan dan meningkatkan sintasan larva. Kisaran panjang total, bobot tubuh, dan sintasan benih yang dicapai berturut-turut adalah 1,95 cm—2,85 cm; 0,64—0,73 g; dan 0,25%—3,97% dengan kisaran laju tumbuh harian sebesar 3,9%—4,22%. Hasil pengamatan terhadap tulang belakang larva tidak ditemukan abnormalitas dengan kisaran jumlah ruas 21—23 ruas dan jarak antar ruas 0,030—0,036 mm.
Seed production technology of leopard coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus by improving hatchery management had been conducted in order to increase survival rate and to produce seed continuity. The initial feeding can successfully support in larval rearing. Feed organism as rotifer, trochophore gonad, egg yolk emulsion, and artificial feed emulsion, had been used as an initial feed. The twelve of concrete tanks with 6 m3 capacity were stocked with coral trout eggs at density 100,000—150,000 eggs/tank. Artemia nauplii, artificial feed, and mysid as feed, start on larvae D20 up to juvenile stage (D45). Growth rate and survival rate were observed and calculated when the experiment was terminated. The data was analyzed by descriptive. Nutrition value of food was analyzed by proximate and fatty acid composition. The others parameters such as deformity and water quality were observed. The result showed that artificial feed emulsion and egg yolk emulsion as an initial feeding can be improve the growth rate and increase survival rate of larvae. The range of total length, body weight and survival rate of the seed i.e. 1.95—2.85 cm; 0.64—0.73 g, and 0.25%— 3.97% with the daily growth rate 3,9%—4,22%, respectively. No back bone deformity in the seed, that is 21—23 segments with interspaces of segments 0.030—0.036 mm.
Seed production technology of leopard coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus by improving hatchery management had been conducted in order to increase survival rate and to produce seed continuity. The initial feeding can successfully support in larval rearing. Feed organism as rotifer, trochophore gonad, egg yolk emulsion, and artificial feed emulsion, had been used as an initial feed. The twelve of concrete tanks with 6 m3 capacity were stocked with coral trout eggs at density 100,000—150,000 eggs/tank. Artemia nauplii, artificial feed, and mysid as feed, start on larvae D20 up to juvenile stage (D45). Growth rate and survival rate were observed and calculated when the experiment was terminated. The data was analyzed by descriptive. Nutrition value of food was analyzed by proximate and fatty acid composition. The others parameters such as deformity and water quality were observed. The result showed that artificial feed emulsion and egg yolk emulsion as an initial feeding can be improve the growth rate and increase survival rate of larvae. The range of total length, body weight and survival rate of the seed i.e. 1.95—2.85 cm; 0.64—0.73 g, and 0.25%— 3.97% with the daily growth rate 3,9%—4,22%, respectively. No back bone deformity in the seed, that is 21—23 segments with interspaces of segments 0.030—0.036 mm.
Keywords
leopard coral trout; mass culture; technology; feed
Full Text:
PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.3.1.2008.1-11
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