PEMIJAHAN DAN PEMBESARAN ANAK IKAN KARDINAL BANGGAI (Pterapogon kauderni
Abstract
Ikan kardinal banggai (Pterapogon kauderni) adalah ikan yang hanya terdapat di perairan kepulauan Banggai-Sulawesi Tengah dan diperjualbelikan di dunia sebagai ikan hias dalam akuarium. Ikan ini hampir punah dikarenakan penangkapan yang sangat intensif, sehingga diusulkan untuk dimasukkan kedalam CITES. Di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum ada laporan tentang penelitian perbenihannya. Makalah ini memaparkan hasil pengamatan pendahuluan tentang pemijahan dan pembesaran anak ikan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ikan ini aktif di malam hari (nokturnal), makan udang kecil (jembret), membentuk pasangan yang setia dan dapat dengan mudah memijah dalam bak. Pemijahan terjadi pada malam hari pukul 19.30--21.00. Jumlah telur yang dipijahkan berkisar antara 32--38 butir dengan diameter 240--308 mikron. Telur yang telah dibuahi dieram dalam mulut ikan jantan (mouth brooder) dan akan menetas setelah 18--19 hari dieram. Anak ikan baru dilepas ke alam setelah 3--4 hari menetas, dan langsung dapat makan rotifer atau nauplii Artemia. Dalam penelitian ini jumlah anak ikan yang dihasilkan dari tiga pasangan induk antara 12--32 ekor (rataan 21 ekor) dengan ukuran panjang tubuh rata-rata 1,16 cm. Dari hasil pengamatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ikan kardinal banggai dapat dengan mudah dibenihkan dan memijah beberapa kali pertahun dengan tenggang waktu 42--50 hari. Penelitian yang diarahkan pada perbaikan mutu pakan induk dan anak serta penanganan penyakit sangat urgent dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan produksi telur dan anak yang sehat.
The banggai cardinal fish (Pterapogon kauderni), endemic to the Banggai Island of Central Sulawesi in Indonesia, is extensively traded in the International aquarium market. This fish is very close to being placed on the endangered species (CITES) list because of over collection. In Indonesia, no report on breeding study of this fish being reporting. Present report dealing with spawning and growth of fish reared in concrete tanks. This fish is nocturnal feeder eating primarily crustacean, formed in pairs and easy to breed in a concrete tank. The fish spawned in night time (19:30--21:00 pm.), number of eggs spawned by two females are 32 and 38, with diameters of 240--308 micron. Fertilized eggs incubated in mouth of male for 18--19 days and released the young fish (BL 1.16 cm) to the water within 3--4 days after hatched. The young fish produced from three pairs are ranged from 12 to 32 fish (average 21 fish), and the fish is able to eat rotifer and Artemia nauplii. Based on the present observation, this fish is easy to breed in concrete tank and they tend to spawn several times a year with interval time of 42--50 days. The research directed to increase the fecundity, growth and diseases control is urgently required through improvement of the nutritional value of diets.
The banggai cardinal fish (Pterapogon kauderni), endemic to the Banggai Island of Central Sulawesi in Indonesia, is extensively traded in the International aquarium market. This fish is very close to being placed on the endangered species (CITES) list because of over collection. In Indonesia, no report on breeding study of this fish being reporting. Present report dealing with spawning and growth of fish reared in concrete tanks. This fish is nocturnal feeder eating primarily crustacean, formed in pairs and easy to breed in a concrete tank. The fish spawned in night time (19:30--21:00 pm.), number of eggs spawned by two females are 32 and 38, with diameters of 240--308 micron. Fertilized eggs incubated in mouth of male for 18--19 days and released the young fish (BL 1.16 cm) to the water within 3--4 days after hatched. The young fish produced from three pairs are ranged from 12 to 32 fish (average 21 fish), and the fish is able to eat rotifer and Artemia nauplii. Based on the present observation, this fish is easy to breed in concrete tank and they tend to spawn several times a year with interval time of 42--50 days. The research directed to increase the fecundity, growth and diseases control is urgently required through improvement of the nutritional value of diets.
Keywords
cardinal fish; spawning; growth; endangered species
Full Text:
PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.3.1.2008.83-90
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