ISOLASI DAN SKRINING BAKTERI NITRIFIKASI SERTA APLIKASINYA PADA BIOFILTRASI MEDIA PEMELIHARAAN LARVA UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man)
Abstract
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri nitrifikasi yang memiliki potensi mengoksidasi amonia dan nitrit pada media pemeliharaan larva udang galah. Bakteri diisolasi dari bak pengolahan air bekas pemeliharaan larva udang galah di Loka Riset Pemuliaan dan Teknologi Budidaya Perikanan Air Tawar, Sukamandi. Sebanyak 52 isolat bakteri berhasil diisolasi, yang terdiri atas 25 isolat tumbuh pada medium nitrifikasi-1 dan 27 isolat tumbuh pada medium nitrifikasi-2. Di antara isolat bakteri yang tumbuh pada medium nitrifikasi-1 hanya tiga isolat yang mampu mengoksidasi amonia, yaitu Acinetobacter ligniersii A10, Chromobacterium violaceum C2, dan Acinetobacter anitratus C1. Uji oksidasi amonia terhadap tiga isolat yang diperoleh dan satu strain kontrol, Pseudomonas stutzeri ASLT2, menunjukkan bahwa P. stutzeri mempunyai kemampuan oksidasi amonia lebih tinggi dibanding A. ligniersii A10, C. violaceum C2, dan A. anitratus. Uji kemampuan 27 isolat bakteri yang tumbuh pada medium nitrifikasi-2 menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat tersebut tidak dapat mengoksidasi nitrit. Inokulasi bakteri nitrifikasi (P. stutzeri) dan bakteri denitrifikasi (Alcaligenes sp.) pada bak filter tidak berpengaruh terhadap perbaikan kualitas air dan pertumbuhan larva udang galah.
The aim of this study was to obtain nitrifying bacteria which have high potency to oxidize ammonium and nitrite and to know the effectiveness of application of bioremediation bacteria in giant freshwater larvae rearing. The bacteria were isolated from waste water treatment tank of freshwater prawn hatchery of Research Institute for Breeding and Freshwater Aquaculture, Sukamandi. Fifty two isolates, i.e. 25 isolates grew on nitrification-1 medium and 27 isolates grew on nitrification-2 medium. The ammonium oxidation test showed that only three of 25 isolates were capable to oxidize ammonium, i.e. Acinetobacter ligniersii A10, Chromobacterium violaceum C1, and Acinetobacter anitratus C2 and one control strain, Pseudomonas stutzeri ASLT2. Further test or screening, showed that P. stutzeri oxidized ammonium more effective than either A. ligniersii A10, C. violaceum C2, or A. anitratus C1. The nitrite oxidation test showed that all isolates could not oxidized nitrite. The result on bacteria Inoculation, i.e. nitrifying bacteria (P. stutzeri) and denitrifying bacteria (Alcaligenes sp.), on filter tank indicated that the bacteria was not able to either reduce ammonium and nitrite concentration or stimulate prawn larvae growth.
The aim of this study was to obtain nitrifying bacteria which have high potency to oxidize ammonium and nitrite and to know the effectiveness of application of bioremediation bacteria in giant freshwater larvae rearing. The bacteria were isolated from waste water treatment tank of freshwater prawn hatchery of Research Institute for Breeding and Freshwater Aquaculture, Sukamandi. Fifty two isolates, i.e. 25 isolates grew on nitrification-1 medium and 27 isolates grew on nitrification-2 medium. The ammonium oxidation test showed that only three of 25 isolates were capable to oxidize ammonium, i.e. Acinetobacter ligniersii A10, Chromobacterium violaceum C1, and Acinetobacter anitratus C2 and one control strain, Pseudomonas stutzeri ASLT2. Further test or screening, showed that P. stutzeri oxidized ammonium more effective than either A. ligniersii A10, C. violaceum C2, or A. anitratus C1. The nitrite oxidation test showed that all isolates could not oxidized nitrite. The result on bacteria Inoculation, i.e. nitrifying bacteria (P. stutzeri) and denitrifying bacteria (Alcaligenes sp.), on filter tank indicated that the bacteria was not able to either reduce ammonium and nitrite concentration or stimulate prawn larvae growth.
Keywords
isolation; giant freshwater prawn hatchery; nitrifying bacteria; screening
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.3.3.2008.401-412
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