KEBERLANJUTAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP SKALA KECIL DI KOTA BENGKULU

Abstract

Sektor perikanan yang memiliki peran penting secara sosial dan ekonomi, sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai perubahan kondisi alam yang kini terus menekan hasil tangkapan ikan di laut. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis status keberlanjutan usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil di Kota Bengkulu dan menganalisis dimensi keberlanjutan usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil di Kota Bengkulu. Metode penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive) yaitu di Kota Bengkulu. Metode penentuan sampel digunakan metode accidental sampling dengan kriteria nelayan tradisional skala kecil dengan kegiatan one day fishing dan pemilik kapal yang ikut melaut. Multidimensional Scalling (MDS) dengan teknik Rapfish menggunakan 5 dimensi (ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi dan kelembagaan) digunakan untuk menganalisis status keberlanjutan perikanan tangkap skala kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan perikanan tangkap skala kecil di Kota Bengkulu dengan meninjau secara multidimensi yaitu berstatus kurang berkelanjutan dengan nilai indeks sebesar 46,25%. Untuk dimensi ekologi dan sosial berstatus cukup berkelanjutan sedangkan untuk dimensi ekonomi, teknologi dan kelembagaan berstatus kurang berkelanjutan. Untuk meningkatkan status keberlanjutan perikanan skala kecil di Kota Bengkulu diperlukan pemberian bantuan berbagai macam alat tangkap, bantuan modal usaha, komunikasi intensif antar pemerintah dan nelayan, pengembangan kemampuan nelayan dalam penanganan produk serta ketegasan aparat terhadap pelanggaran di perairan Kota Bengkulu.

The fisheries sector, which has an important role socially and economically, is greatly influenced by various changes in natural conditions which currently continue to put pressure on fish catches in the sea. The research objectives were to analyze the sustainability status of small-scale capture fisheries businesses in Bengkulu City and analyze the dimensions of sustainability of small-scale capture fisheries businesses in Bengkulu City. The location determination method was carried out purposively and the selected location was Bengkulu City. The method of determining the sample used accidental sampling method with the criteria of small-scale traditional fishermen with one day fishing activities and boat owners who go to sea. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) with the Rapfish technique uses 5 dimensions (ecological, economic, social, technological and institutional) to analyze the sustainability status of small-scale capture fisheries. The results showed that the sustainability status of small-scale capture fisheries in Bengkulu City was viewed in a multidimensional manner, namely the status was less sustainable with an index value of 46.25%. The ecological and social dimensions are quite sustainable, while the economic, technological and institutional dimensions are less sustainable. To improve the sustainability status of small-scale fisheries in Bengkulu City, it is necessary to provide assistance with various types of fishing gear, business capital assistance, intensive communication between the government and fishermen, developing the ability of fishermen to handle products and the firmness of officials against violations in the waters of Bengkulu City.