KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON PADA BUDIDAYA BENIH LOBSTER PASIR DI TELUK EKAS LOMBOK TIMUR, INDONESIA
Abstract
Keberadaan fitoplankton diduga berdampak besar terhadap keberhasilan budidaya lobster terutama di fase pertumbuhan benih bening (puerulus) menjadi juvenil. Lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu spesies spiny lobster yang paling banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia khususnya di Teluk Ekas, Lombok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendata jenis, kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman (H’), dan spesies fitoplankton yang potensial sebagai harmful algal blooms (HABs), pada kedalaman penempatan wadah pemeliharaan puerulus lobster di Teluk Ekas pada fase bulan yang berbeda. Sampel fitoplankton diperoleh dari tiga kedalaman penempatan puerulus (0,5 m, 1 m, 1,5 m), ketika fase bulan gelap dan terang pada bulan Juni-Juli 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tercatat total 53 jenis fitoplankton yang terbagi ke dalam lima kelas yakni Bacillariophyceae (13), Coscinodiscophyceae (10), Cyanophyceae (1), Dinophyceae (9), dan Mediophyceae (20). Tujuh genus fitoplankton tergolong dalam harmful species (Chaetoceros sp., Dinophysis sp., Nitzschia sp., Skeletonema sp. Trichodesmium sp., Tripos sp. dan Protoperidinium sp.). Fase bulan gelap memiliki kelimpahan fitoplankton yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bulan terang pada tiap kedalaman laut pengambilan sampel. Fitoplankton paling berlimpah pada lapisan permukaan air laut dan menurun seiring penambahan kedalaman dengan H’ yang bervariasi dan fluktuatif. Analisis kesamaan memperlihatkan bahwa kedalaman 1 m memiliki persen kesamaan yang tinggi dengan kedalaman 1,5 m.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.29.1.2023.%25p
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