PRODUKTIVITAS TANGKAPAN BENIH BENING LOBSTER (Panulirus spp.) PADA KEDALAMAN KOLEKTOR BERBEDA ALAT TANGKAP POCONGAN SISTEM RAKIT DI PERAIRAN PESISIR PRIGI, JAWA TIMUR
Abstract
Optimalisasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya lobster duri (Panulirus spp.) melalui kegiatan budidaya perairan layak untuk direalisasikan guna memenuhi peningkatan permintaan ekspor. Akan tetapi kebutuhan Benih Bening Lobster (BBL) masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan dari alam. Penangkapan BBL di perairan pesisir Prigi menggunakan Alat Tangkap Pocongan (ATP) (Kode 10.8). Terkait dengan hal tersebut, permasalahan yang mendesak untuk dipecahkankan adalah pada kedalaman berapa posisi pemasangan kolektor ATP yang paling produktif menghasilkan tangkapan BBL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedalaman pemasangan Kolektor Pocongan (KP) (A) pada Alat Tangkap Pocongan Sistem Rakit (ATPSR) terhadap jumlah tangkapan BBL (B). Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen, dengan menggunakan 2 unit ATPSR yang dioperasikan di perairan pesisir Teluk Prigi. Terdapat 3 macam kedalaman KP, yaitu KP di permukaan perairan (A1); di pertengahan perairan (A2); dan di dasar perairan (A3). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata ± SD hasil tangkapan BBL per KP berturut-turut dari yang tertinggi adalah A3: 6,2 (± 5,0) ekor, A2: 0,9 (± 0,7) ekor, dan terakhir A1: 0,3 (± 0,3). Disimpulkan bahwa faktor kedalaman KP berpengaruh nyata (Sig. 0,00) terhadap jumlah tangkapan BBL. Perlakuan A1 dan A2 tidak berbeda nyata, sedangkan A3 berbeda nyata dengan A1 dan A2. Secara deskriptif, total hasil tangkapan BBL berdasarkan spesies tertinggi dalam persen adalah Lobster Pasir (Panulirus homarus) 59,3%, Lobster Mutiara (Panulirus ornatus) 27,6%, Lobster Bambu (Panulirus versicolor) 11,6%, dan Lobster Batu (Panulirus penicillatus) 1,5%. Peneliti menyarankan untuk melakukan kajian lebih lanjut mengenai rekayasa ATPSR untuk meningkatkan produktivitas hasil tangkapan BBL.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Acosta, C. A., Matthews, T. R., & Butler, M. J. (1997). Temporal patterns and transport processes in recruitment of spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, postlarvae to south Florida. Marine Biology, 129:79-85.
Anh, T. L., & Jones, C. (2015). Lobster seed fishing, handling and transport in Vietnam. In C. M. Jones (Ed.), Spiny lobster aquaculture development in Indonesia, Vietnam and Australia (pp. 31-35). International Lobster Aquaculture Symposium held in Lombok, Indonesia. April 2014.
Arumugam, A., Dineshkumar, R., Rasheeq, A. A., Gowrishankar, M. P., Murugan, S., & Sampathkumar. 2020. Growth Performance of Spiny Lobster, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758). Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences, 49(5):812-819.
Behringer, D. C., Butler, M. J. IV., Herrnkind, W. F., Hunt, J. H., Acosta, C. A., & Sharp, W. C. (2009). Is seagrass an important nursery habitat for Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, in Florida? New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 43:327-337.
Booth, J. D., & Bowring, L. D. (1988). Decreased abundance of the puerulus stage of the rock lobster Jasus edwardsii, at Kaikoura, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research, 22:613-616.
Booth, J. D., & McKenzie, A. (2009). Strong relationship between levels of puerulus settlement and recruited stock abundance in the red rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) in New Zealand. Fisheries Research, 95:161-168.
Booth, J. D., & Tarring, S. C. (1986). Settlement of the red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, near Gisborne, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 20:291-297.
Booth, J. D., Carruthers, A. D., Bolt, C. D., & Stewart, R. A. (1991). Measuring depth of settlement in the red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii. New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research, 25:123-132.
Booth, J., & Phillips, B. F. (1994). Early life history of the spiny lobster. Crustaceana, 66:271-294.
Butler, M. J., & Herrnkind, W. F. (2000). Puerulus and juvenile ecology. In: Phillips BF, Kittaka J (eds), Spiny lobsters: fisheries and culture (2nd edn). Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp 276-301.
Calinski, M. D., & Lyons, W. G. (1983). Swimming Behavior of the Puerulus of the Spiny Lobster Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea: Palinuridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 3(3):329-335.
Caputi, N., Chubb, C., & Pearce, A. (2001). Environmental effects on recruitment of the western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus. Marine and Freshwater Research, 52:1167-1174.
Chiswell, S. M., & Booth, J. D. (1999). Rock lobster Jasus edwardsii larval retention by the Wairarapa Eddy off New Zealand. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 183:227-240.
Dennis, D. M., Skewes , T. D., & Pitcher, C. R. (1997). Habitat use and growth of juvenile ornate rock lobsters, Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798), in Torres Strait, Australia . Marine and Freshwater Research, 48:663-670.
Ewing, G. P., Frusher, S., Sharman, C., Treloggen, R. (2013). Developing cost-effective industry based techniques for monitoring puerulus settlement in all conditions: trials in southern and western Tasmania, Phase 1: proof of concept. FRDC Project No 2011/ 020. Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Hobart, Tasmania.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2018). Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1878). Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. 11p.
Forward, R. B. Jr., & Buswell, C. U. (1989). A comparative study of behavioral responses to larval decapod crustaceans to light and pressure. Marine Behaviour and Physiology, 16:43-56.
Gardner, C., Frusher, S., Kennedy, R. B., & Cawthorn, A. (2001). Relationship between settlement of southern rock lobster pueruli, Jasus edwardsii, and recruitment to the fishery in Tasmania, Australia. Marine and Freshwater Research, 52:1271-1276.
Goldstein , J. S., & Butler, M. J. IV. ( 2009 ). Behavioral enhancement of onshore transport by postlarval Caribbean spiny lobster ( Panulirus argus ). Limnology & Oceanography, 54:1669-1678.
Groeneveld, J. C., Greengrass, C. L., van Zyl, D. L., & Branch, G. M. (2010). Settlement patterns, size and growth of puerulus and juvenile rock lobster Jasus lalandii at an oyster farm in Saldanha Bay, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 32(3):501-510.
Heatwole, D. W., Hunt, J. H., & Bloder, B. I. (1991). Offshore recruitment of postlarval spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) at Looe Key reef, Florida. Proceedings of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute,40:429-433. https://aquadocs.org/bitstream/handle/1834/28795/gcfi_40-45.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Jeffs, A. G., & Holland, R. C. (2000). Swimming Behaviour of the Puerulus of the Spiny Lobster, Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875) (Decapoda, Palinuridae). Crustaceana, 73(7):847-856.
Jernakoff, P. (1990). Distribution of newly settled western rock lobsters Panulirus cygnus. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 66:63-74.
Junaidi, M. (2018). Budidaya Lobster di Perairan Pulau Lombok. CV. Pustaka Bangsa. 90 Pages.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia (KKP). (2020). Direktur Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya. Kebijakan Pegembangan Budidaya Lobster di Indonesia, Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan, No. 12 Tahun 2020. Jakarta. 25 Halaman.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia (KKP). (2021). Peraturan Nomor 18/PERMEN-KP/2021.Penempatan Alat Penangkapan Ikan Dan Alat Bantu Penangkapan Ikan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia Dan Laut Lepas Serta Penataan Andon Penangkapan Ikan.
Kittaka, J. (1994) Culture of phyllosomas of spiny lobster and its application to studies of larval recruitment and aquaculture. Crustaceana, 66:258-270.
Lipcius, R. N., Eggleston, D. B., Miller, D. L., & Luhrs, T. C. (1998). The habitat - survival function for Caribbean spiny lobster: an inverted size effect and non-linearity in mixed algal and seagrass habitats . Marine and Freshwater Research, 49:807-816.
Phillips, B. F., & Macmillan, D. L. (1987). Antennal receptors in puerulus and postpuerulus stages of the rock lobster Panulirus cygnus (Decapoda: Palinuridae) and their potential role in puerulus navigation. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 7:122-135.
Phillips, B. F., & Pearce, A. F. (1991). Inter-annual variability in ocean circulation and rock lobster recruitment in the southeastern Indian Ocean. In: S. Tanaka, Y. Toba & A. Tanaguchi (Eds) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Long-term Variability of Pelagic Fish Populations and their Environment, Sendai, Japan, November 1989. Pergamon Press, Oxford. pp. 339-345.
Phillips, B. F., & Pearce, A. F. (1997). Spiny lobster recruitment of western Australia. Bulletin and Marine Science, 6:21-41.
Phillips, B. F., Booth, J. D., Cobb, J. S., Jeffs, A. G., & McWilliam, P. (2006). Larval and post-larval ecology. In: Phillips, B.F. (Ed.), Lobsters: Biology, Management, Aquaculture and Fisheries. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 231–262.
Phillips, B. F., Melville-Smith, R., Cheng, Y. W., & Rossbach, M. (2001). Testing collector designs for commercial harvesting of western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus) puerulus. Marine and Freshwater Research, 52:1465–1473.
Phillips, B. F., Rimmer, D. W., & Reid, D. D. (1978). Ecological Investigations of the Late-Stage Phyllosoma and Puerulus Larvae of the Western Rock Lobster Panulirus Iongipes Cygnus. Marine Biology, 45:347-357.
Pradana, A. E., Rudianto, D., & Viani, C. N. (2017). Analisis konstruksi dan sistem pengoperasian jaring nener di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Prigi. Prosiding Simposium Nasional Krustasea 2017. Hal. 45-50.
Priyambodo, B., & Jaya, I. B. M. S. (2009). Lobster aquaculture in Eastern Indonesia: Part I. methods evolve for fledgling industry. Global Aquaculture Advocate July/August, p. 36-39.
Priyambodo, B., Jones, C. M. & Sammut, J. (2020). Assessment of the lobster puerulus (Panulirus homarus and Panulirus ornatus, Decapoda: Palinuridae) resource of Indonesia and its potential for sustainable harvest for aquaculture. Aquaculture, 528:735-563.
Priyambodo, B., Jones, C., & Sammut, J. (2015). The effect of trap type and water depth on puerulus settlement in the spiny lobster aquaculture industry in Indonesia. Aquaculture, 442:132-137.
Saputra, W. A. , Pambudi, K. A., Setyanto, A. & Tumulyadi, A. (2020). The differences of depth on the species composition of spiny lobster puerulus on south Pacitan Regency East Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 441 012130. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/441/1/012130.
Setyanto, A. & Halimah, S. (2019). Biodiversitas Lobster Di Teluk Prigi, Trenggalek Jawa Timur. Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research, 3(3):344-349.
Setyanto, A., Saputra, W. A., Pambudi, K. A., & Tumulyadi, A. (2020). The differences of depth on the species composition of Spiny Lobster Puerulus on South Pacitan Regency, East Java. International Conference on Sustainability Science and Management: Advanced Technology in Environmental Research (CORECT-IJJSS 2019). Doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /20201.
Setyono, D. E. D. (2006). Budidaya pembesaran udang karang (Panulirus spp.). Oseana, 31(4):39-48.
Suastika, M., Sukadi, F., & Surahman, A. (2008). Studi kelayakan: Meningkatkan pembesaran dan nutrisi lobster di Nusa Tenggara Barat. In Jones, C. (Ed.). ACIAR - Smallholder Agribusiness Development Initiative (SADI) Report, 23 hlm.
Subagio, H., Sofijanto, M. A., Sulestiani, A., Rosana, N., Widagdo, S., Bintoro, G & Kawan, I. M., (2022). Catch Productivity Of Puerulus (Panulirus spp.) Using ‘Pocong’ Collector Fishing Method In Prigi Waters Trenggalek. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia. 28(3):123-134. DOI: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.15578/Jppi.28.3.2022.123-134
Sulkin, S. D., Van Heukelem, W., Kelly, P., & Van Heukelem, L. (1980). The behavioral basis of larval recruitment in the crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun: a laboratory investigation of ontogenetic changes in geotaxis and barokinesis. Biologigal Bulletin, 159:402-417.
Susanti, E, N., Oktaviani, R., Hartoyo, S., & Priyarsono, D. S. (2017). Efisiensi Teknis Usaha Pembesaran Lobster di Pulau Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis, 14(3):230-239.
Thangaraja, R., & Radhakrishnan, E. F. (2012). Fishery and ecology of the spiny lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) at Khadiyapatanam in the Southwest Coast of India. Jurnal Marine Biological Association of India, 54(2):69-79.
Wandira, A., Ramli, M., & Halili. (2020). Types and Abundance of Lobster Larvae (Panulirus Spp.) Based on Water Depth in Ranooha Raya Village Waters, Moramo Sub-District, South Konawe Regency. Sapa Laut, 5(2):163-172.
Yeung, C., & McGowan, M. F. (1991). Differences in inshore-offshore and vertical distribution of phyllosoma larvae of Panulirus, Scyllarus, and Scyllarides in the Florida Keys in May-June 1989. Bulletin and Marine Science, 49:699-714.
Yoshimura, T., Yamakawa, H. & Kozasa, E. (1999). Distribution of final stage phyllosoma larvae and free-swimming pueruli of Panulirus japonicus around the Kuroshio Current off southern Kyusyu, Japan. Marine Biology, 133:293-306.
Yoshimura, T., Yamakawa, H., & Norman, C. P. (1994). Comparison of hole and seaweed habitats of post - settled pueruli and early benthic juvenile lobsters, Panulirus japonicus (von Siebold, 1824). Crustaceana, 66:356-365 .
Zito - Livingston , A. N & Childress , M. J. ( 2009 ). Does conspecific density influence the settlement of Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus postlarvae? New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 43:313-325.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.30.1.2024.23-31
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
