KEBERADAAN Vibrio spp. PADA IKAN KERAPU CANTANG Epinephelus sp. DI KJA PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN SERIBU

Abstract

Analisis keberadaan Vibrio spp. pada lingkungan budidaya sangat penting diketahui. Hal tersebut berkaitan dengan prinsip-prinsip biosecurity yang ketat untuk memastikan kesehatan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri Vibrio spp. ikan kerapu cantang di Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) perairan Pulau Kelapa Dua. Jumlah ikan sampel sebanyak 10 ekor terdiri dari 5 ekor ikan kerapu cantang dan 5 ekor ikan liar. Media agar Sea Water complete (SWC) digunakan sebagai media pengamatan total bacteria count, sedangkan media agar Tiosulfat Citrate Bile-Salt Sucrose (TCBS) digunakan sebagai media pengamatan parameter total Vibrio count, sampel organ hati dan ginjal diinkubasi pada suhu 28ºC selama 24 jam. Identifikasi jenis Vibrio spp. dengan uji biokimia dan uji KIT API 20 NE secara deskriptif. Jenis-jenis bakteri Vibrio spp. yang ditemukan terdeteksi tiga jenis bakteri, yaitu Vibrio vulnificus, V. alginolyticus dan V. parahaemolyticus. Histopatologi organ hati mengalami perubahan pada sel necrosis dan vacuolasi sedangkan ginjal mengalami kongesti pada leukocyte infiltration; necrosis; tubular cells. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah keberadaan bakteri Vibrio spp. terdapat pada ikan liar dan kerapu cantang yang mengindikasikan terjadinya transmisi patogen dari ikan liar ke ikan budidaya atau sebaliknya, sedangkan histologi pada organ hati terjadi perubahan pada sel necrosis dan vacuolasi sedangkan ginjal mengalami kongesti pada leukocyte infiltration; necrosis; tubular cells.

Analysis of the presence of Vibrio spp. in the cultivation environment is very important to know. This is related to strict biosecurity principles to ensure fish health. This study aims to identify Vibrio spp.—bacteria in hybrid groups in KJA in the waters of Kelapa Dua Island. The number of sample fish was 10, consisting of 5 hybrid groupers and 5 wild fish. Sea Water Complete (SWC) agar media was used as a medium for observing total bacteria count, while Thiosulfate Citrate Bile-Salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar media was used as a medium for observing total Vibrio count parameters. Liver and kidney organ samples were incubated at 28 C for 24 hours. Identification of Vibrio spp. types with biochemical tests and KIT API 20 NE tests descriptively. Vibrio spp. bacteria were detected as three types of bacteria, namely Vibrio vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, and V. parahaemolyticus. Histopathology of the liver organ experienced changes in necrosis and vacuolation cells while the kidneys experienced congestion in leukocyte infiltration, necrosis, and tubular cells. The conclusion of this study is the presence of Vibrio spp. bacteria in wild fish and hybrid grouper, which indicates the transmission of pathogens from wild fish to farmed fish or vice versa, while histology of the liver organ experienced changes in necrosis and vacuolation cells, while the kidneys experienced congestion in leukocyte infiltration, necrosis, and tubular cells.