Evaluasi Usaha Perikanan Jaring Insang di Waduk Cacaban, Kabupaten Tegal
Abstract
Waduk Cacaban merupakan salah satu perairan darat di Kabupaten Tegal yang memiliki potensi sumber daya ikan untuk menopang kehidupan masyarakat di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE), Revenue per Unit Effort (RPUE), serta melakukan evaluasi terhadap kelayakan usaha perikanan tangkap menggunakan jaring insang di perairan umum daratan Waduk Cacaban. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Jumlah responden ditentukan menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%, dari populasi nelayan jaring insang sebanyak 99 orang, sehingga diperoleh 80 responden. Jaring insang merupakan alat tangkap yang paling banyak digunakan oleh nelayan di Waduk Cacaban. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai CPUE tertinggi dibandingkan alat tangkap lainnya setelah dilakukan standarisasi. Berdasarkan data penangkapan bulanan selama satu tahun, nilai rata-rata CPUE pada tahun 2023 mencapai 10,01 kg/trip, sedangkan nilai RPUE sebesar Rp250.309,00/trip. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan bahwa usaha penangkapan ikan menggunakan jaring insang memiliki NPV sebesar Rp33.304.637,00/10 tahun, IRR sebesar 80%, R/C ratio sebesar 1,27, dan payback period selama 2 tahun 3 bulan 29 hari. Nilai-nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa usaha perikanan tangkap di Waduk Cacaban layak dan menguntungkan untuk dilanjutkan. Namun demikian, ketersediaan sumber daya ikan di lokasi ini masih bergantung pada kegiatan restocking oleh pemerintah daerah yang tidak selalu dilakukan setiap tahun. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi pemerintah daerah dalam merumuskan kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan.
Title: Evaluation of Gillnet Fishing Business in the Cacaban Reservoir, Tegal Regency
Cacaban Reservoir is one of the inland waters in Tegal Regency that possesses fish resources capable of supporting the livelihoods of surrounding communities. This study aims to analyze the Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE), Revenue per Unit Effort (RPUE), and to evaluate the feasibility of the gillnet fishing business in the inland public waters of the Cacaban Reservoir. The research employed a quantitative descriptive method with a purposive sampling technique. The number of respondents was determined using the Slovin formula with a 5% margin of error, resulting in 80 fishermen from a total population of 99 gillnet fishers. Gillnet is the most commonly used fishing gear among fishermen in Cacaban Reservoir, as indicated by the highest CPUE value compared to other standardized fishing gears. Based on monthly catch data for 2023, the average CPUE value was 10.01 kg/trip, and the RPUE value was IDR 250,309/trip. Financial analysis showed an NPV of IDR 33,304,637/10 years, an IRR of 80%, an R/C ratio of 1.27, and a payback period of 2 years 3 months 29 days. These findings indicate that the gillnet fishing business in the Cacaban Reservoir is financially feasible and profitable to continue. Nevertheless, the availability of fish resources in the area still depends on restocking activities by the local government, which are not conducted annually. Therefore, this study can serve as a reference for local policymakers in formulating sustainable fisheries management strategies.
EVALUATION OF GILLNET FISHING BUSINESS IN THE CACABAN RESERVOIR, TEGAL REGENCY
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ahdityas, R., Sukmono, A., & Sasmito, B. (2023). Analisis kualitas perairan waduk cacaban dengan menggunakan data citra landsat 8 & 9 multitemporal. Jurnal Geodesi Undip, 12(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgundip.2023.38199
Alamudi, M. H., Suharno., & Bambang. (2022). Kajian pelarangan penggunaan alat tangkap ikan cantrang dan sejenisnya terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan nelayan. Call for Paper and National Conference 2022: Rural Tourism and Creative Economy to Develop Sustainable Wellness. 880-890.
Andini, Y., A’in, C., & Solichin, A. (2023). Valuasi ekonomi pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan dan pariwisata Waduk Kedung Ombo Subwilayah Kabupaten Boyolali. Journal of Maquares, 10(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.14710/marj.v10i1.28282
Anggrayni, F. D & Zainuri, M. (2022). Pengaruh perbedaan ukuran mata jaring (mesh size) terhadap hasil tangkapan pada jaring insang (gill net) di Perairan Desa Sedayulawas, Kabupaten Lamongan. Juvenil (Jurnal Ilmiah Kelautan dan Perikanan), 3(3), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.21107/juvenil.v3i3.17073
Ardilla, L. R., Farid, A., & Zzainuri, M. (2023). Status pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan layang berdasarkan metode schaefer di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Pasongsongan. Prosiding Seminar Hi-Tech, 2(1), 788-796. https://ejournal.unuja.ac.id/index.php/hitech
Arkham, M. N., Krisnafi, Y., Hutapea, R. Y. F., Ikhsan, S. A., Tiku, M., Mardiah, R. S., Kelana, P. P., & Haris, R. B. K. (2022). The social-ecological dynamic of small-scale fisheries in coastal area of Dumai City. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 967(2022), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/967/1/012040
Arumtyas, A. E., Wijayanto, D., & Setyawan, H. A. (2023). Analisis finansial usaha perikanan tangkap bottom gill net di Kabupaten Cilacap. Jurnal Perikanan Tangkap. 7(3), 82-88. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/juperta
Auralia, A. S., Wijayanto, D., & Boesono, H. (2021). Analisis finansial usaha penangkapan pari kekeh (Rhynchobatus sp.) Dan pari kikir (Glaucostegus sp.) pada alat tangkap cantrang di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tasik Agung. Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 11(1), 29-42. https://dx.doi.org/10.33512/jpk.v11i1.10642
Bene, C., & Friend, R. M. (2011). Poverty in small-scale fisheries: old issue, new analysis. Progress in Development Studies, 11(2), 119-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/146499341001100203
Blabolil, P., Logez, M., Ricard, D., Prchalova, M., Riha, M., Sagouis, A., & Argillier, C. (2016). An assessment of the ecological potential of Central and Western European reservoirs based on fish communities. Fisheries Research, 173, 80-87.
BPS, 2024. Produksi dan nilai produksi perairan umum Waduk Cacaban Kabupaten Tegal. https://tegalkab.bps.go.id/indicator/56/191/1/produksi-dan-nilai-produksi-ikan-perairan-umumwaduk-cacaban-.html. Access Time: February 17, 2024, 1:36 pm
Bucaram, S. J., Hearn, A., Trujillo, A.M., Renteria, W., Bustamante, R. H., Moran, G., & Garcia, J. L. (2018). Assessing fishing effect inside and outside an MPA: The impact of the Galapagos Marine Reserve on the industrial pelagic tuna fisheries during the first decade of operarion. Marine Policy, 87, 212-225.
Calo, A., Franco, A. D., Quattrocchi, F., Dimitriadis, C., Ventura, P., Milazzo, M., & Guidetti, P. (2022). Multi-specific small-scale fisheries rely on few, local essential, species: evidence from a multi-area study in The Mediteranean. Fish and Fisheries, 23(6), 1299-1312. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12689
Cerbule, K., Madhu, V. R., Mohanan, S., & Hermann, B. (2023). Gillnet colour affects catch efficiency in pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis) tropical estuary fishery. Aquaculture and Fisheries.
Creswell. J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
El-Far, A., Aly, W., El-Haweet, A. E. D., Nasr-Allah, A., & Karisa, H. (2020). Fisheries management based on gear selectivity of a tropical reservoir, Lake Nasser, Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 46(1), 71-77.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). (2003). The ecosystem approach to fisheries. Supplement 2 in FAO guidelines for responsible fisheries.
Foley, P., Pinkerton, E., Wiber, M. G., & Stephenson, R. L. (2020). Full-spectrum sustainability: an alternative to fisheries management panaceas. Ecology & Society, 25(2).
Gilman, E., Chopin, F., Suuronen, P., & Kuemlangan, B. (2016). Abondened, lost, and discarded gillnets and trammel nets: method to estimate ghost fishing mortality, and the status of regional monitoring and management. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, (600), I.
Halls, A. S. (2015). Lake Nasser Fisheries: Recommendation for management, including monitoring and stock assessment.
Hendrawan, A. L. S., Hedianto, D. A., & Sentosa, A. A. (2018). Struktur komunitas jenis ikan asli di Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda, Jawa Barat. Zoo Indonesia, 27(1), 12-21. https://doi.org/10.52508/zi.v27i1.3912
Kalsaba, N., Abdulkadir, I., & Taeran, I. (2021). Dampak covid-19 terhadap produktivitas dan pendapatan nelayan rumpon di bagian utara Kota Ternate. Hemyscyllium, 1(2), 100-107.
Kartikasari, V. (2021). Kajian finansial industri pengalengan ikan di Papua Barat. Journal of Industrial View, 3(1), 43-52.
Kurnia, D. R., Sukardi, P., & Iqbal, A. (2021). Pengaruh faktor-faktor produksi terhadap hasil tangkapan nelayan jaring insang (gillnet) di perairan Waduk Panglima Besar Soedirman Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Marine and Fisheries Science Technology Journal, 2(1), 31-41. https://dx.doi.org/10/15578/marlin.V2.1.2021
Kusumanti, M., Ferse, S., & Glaser, M. (2021). Sustainable livelihoods frameworks in investigating household assets in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 14(1), 204-217.
Lazar, N., Yankson, K., Blay, J., Ofori-Danson, P., Markwei, P., Abgobah, K., & Billsini, W. B. (2016). Rebuilding depleted small pelagic stocks in
Ghana. A closed fishing season proposal to the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development. The Scientific and Technical Working Group. The USAID/Ghana Sustainable Fisheries Management Project (SFMP). Coastal Resources Center, Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI.
Lianthuamluaia, L., Sarkar, U. K., Mishal, P., Das, A, K., Karnatak, G., Kumari, S., & Das, B. K. (2021). Assessment of the impact of fish seed stocking on fish yield in small reservoirs of Central India: towards sustainable management. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 36464-36471.
Majhi, P., Gogoi, P., Lianthuamluaia, L., Jana, C., Tayung, T., Kumari, S., & Das, B. K. (2023). Assessing spatio-temporal dynamics of phytoplankton assemblage and ecohydrological interaction in a community managed reservoir using GIS for sustainable fisheries management. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, 23(1): 109-126.
Manurung, Y. M., Bambang, A. N., & Setyawan, H. A. 2023. Analisis finansial usaha perikanan tangkap gill net di PPI Tanjungbalai Asahan, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Perikanan Tangkap, 7(1), 1-6. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/juperta
Maudi, D. I., Noor, T. I., & Wulandari, E. (2022). Relationship between fisherman’s characteristics and livelihood assets with fisherman’s household livelihood strategy. Budapest International Research and Critics Intitute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(3), 19060-19067.
Miftahurrohman, M., Fitri, A. D. P., & Jayanto, B. B. (2016). Analisis perbedaan mesh size dan waktu penangkapan terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada jaring insang permukaan (surface gill net) di Waduk Cacaban Kabupaten Tegal. Journal of Fisheries Resources Utilization Management and Technology, 5(4), 62-70.
Nissa, Z. N. A., Widyana, R. I., Atmojo, B. K. D., Saksono, H., & Jayanti, A. D. (2021). Livelihood strategies of two small-scale fisher communities: adaptation strategies under different fishery resource at southern and northern coast of Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 919, No. 1, p. 012010). IOP Publishing.
Okazaki, R., Glenk, K., & Makino, M. (2024). Perceptions of “sustainable fisheries” in the UK and Japan using best-worst scaling. Marine Policy, 170, 106400.
Owusu, V., Adu-Boahen, K., Kyeremeh, S., Demalie, I., & Eshun, P. (2023). Factors influencing compliance of closed fishing season: lessions from small-scale coastal fisheries in the Central Region of Ghana. Humanities and Social Science Communications, 10(2), 1-8.
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research, 42, 533-544.
Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2020 tentang Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia Di Perairan Darat.
Purnomo, E dan Chika, S. 2022. Potensi keragaman ikan di Waduk Kedung Ombo sebagai penyedia kebutuhan pangan berkelanjutan. Biogenerasi, 7(1), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.30605/biogenerasi.v7i1.1679
Rachman, A., Yochanan, E., Samanlangi, A. I., & Purnomo, H. (2024). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D (1st ed.). Saba Jaya Publisher.
Rahayu, D. R., Piranti, A. S., & Widyastuti, A. (2023). Ichthyofaunal community structure after restocking, in the Cacaban Reservoir, Tegal, Indonesia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 16(3), 1199-1209.
Rajagukguk, B. B & Aenal, C. N. (2023). Analisis potensi lestari perikanan tangkap udang putih (Penaeus merguiensis) di Perairan Sorong. Jurnal Marshela (Marine and Fisheries Tropical Applied Journal), 1(2), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.25181/marshela.v1i2.3270
Ramadhani, E., Solichin, A., & Widyorini, N. (2017). Potensi dan aspek biologi ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Perairan Waduk Cacaban, Kabupaten Tegal.
Riyadi, P. H dan D. Wijayanto. (2012). Manajemen industri perikanan (1st ed.). UNDIP Press.
Saksono, H., Nissa, Z. N. A., Suadi, S. (2023). Small-scale fisher’s livelihood strategies: finding from case studies in several Indonesian coastal areas. Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada, 25(1), 9-18.
Sandhya, K. M., Lianthuamluaia, L., Karnatak, G., Sarkar, U. K., Kumari, S., Mishal, P., & Naskar, B. K. (2019). Fish assemblage structure and spatial gradients of diversity in a large tropical reservoir, Panchet in the Ganges Basin, India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 18804-18813.
Saragih, M., Labaro, I. L., Pamikiran, R. D. C., Manoppo, L., & Silooy, F. (2022). Catch per unit effort (cpue) perikanan pukat cincin periode 5 tahun di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tumumpa. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax, 11(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v11i1.43527
Sarkar, U. K., Sandhya, K. M., Mishal, P., Karnatak, G., Lianthuamluaia, L., Kumari, S., & Das, B. K. (2018). Status, prospects, threats, and the way forward for sustainable management and enhancement of the tropical Indian Reservoir fisheries: an overview. Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture, 26(2), 155-175.
Stacey, N., Gibson, E., Loneragan, N. R., Warren C., Wiryawan, B., Adhuri, D. S., & Fitriana, R. (2021). Developing sustainable small-scale fisheries livelihoods in Indonesia: Trends, enabling and constraining factors, and future opportunities. Marine Policy, 132, 104654.
Stephenson, R. L., Benson, A. J., Brooks, K., Charles A., Degnbol, P., Dichmont, C. M., & Wiber, M. (2017). Practical steps toward integrating economic, social and institutional elements in fisheries policy and management. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 74(7), 1981-1989.
Sudaryanti, S., Mahmudi, M., Musa, M., & Darmawan, A. (2023). Model manajemen sumber daya perairan waduk serbaguna: studi kasus Waduk Selorejo (1st ed.). UB Press.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Syafril, M., Purnamasari, E., & Fadhiani, D. D. (2022). Analisis kelayakan finansial usaha perikanan tangkap di Kampung Gurimbang Kecamatan Sambaliung Kabupaten Berau. Agromix, 13(1), 55-66. https://doi.org/10.35891/agx.v13i1.2913
Taniu, S., Sari, D. W., Satria, D., Haryanto, T., & Wardana, W. W. (2023). Impact evaluation of cooperative membership on welfare: Evidence from captured fishery households in Indonesia. Marine Policy, 159, 105923.
Thomas, B. (2022). The role of purposive sampling technique as a tool for informal choices in a social sciences in research methods. Just Agriculture, 2(5), 1-8.
Yusuf, M.I & Junianto. (2024). Profil masyarakat perikanan dan alat tangkap ikan di Waduk Jatigede. Jurnal Perikanan, 14(1), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.29303/jp.v14i1.741
Zuhri, N., Afiati, N., Purnomo, P. W., & Hendarto, B. (2023). Sustainability status of Karang Jeruk reef ecosystem assessed by RAPFISH. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(11), 1317.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v20i1.15431
Indexed by:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Published by
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic
in collaboration with
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.