VARIASI GENETIKA IKAN BANYAR, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817) DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA TIMUR
Abstract
Ikan banyar, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan pelagis kecil bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Di perairan Indonesia bagian timur ikan ini mendominasi hasil tangkapan, terutama di sekitar Papua. Indikasi adanya penangkapan yang semakin intensif menyebabkan turunnya hasil tangkapan ikan banyar akibat turunnya kemampuan ikan untuk bereproduksi. Populasi yang berkurang dapat munurunkan variasi genetika yang ada. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu kajian variasi genetika ikan banyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAPD (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) dengan lima primer. Sampel daging dari 24 ekor ikan dikumpulkan dari lima lokasi: Gorontalo, Kendari, Ambon, Raja Ampat dan Dobo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi genetika ikan banyar di Indonesia timur terdiri dari dua kelompok utama, kelompok pertama diwakili populasi Raja Ampat, Ambon, Kendari dan Gorontalo, kelompok kedua populasi dari Dobo.
Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1817) is an economic important small pelagic species. In the eastern part of Indonesia this species dominates the catch, especially surrounding of Papua Waters. Highly intensive catch activity alleges the catch down due to reducing the reproduction capasity and genetic variation. Therefore, a study of genetic variations of Indian mackerel fish in the waters of Eastern Indonesia is required. The research used RAPD (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) with five primers. Twenty four sample of the muscle were collected from Gorontalo, Kendari, Ambon, Raja Ampat, and Dobo. The results showed that genetic variation consisted of two main groups. The first group consistinged of Raja Ampat, Ambon, Kendari and Gorontalo populations, and the second group was the population from Dobo.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.9.2.2017.123-131
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